Clinical Epi. Diagnosis II Flashcards

1
Q

summarize the equations for sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV

A
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2
Q

if the sensitivity of the test is high, most results will be ____; the number of ____ results will be low

A

if the sensitivity of the test is high, most results will be TP; the number of FN results will be low

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3
Q

if sensitivity is high then you can ____ the disease if the test comes back negative

A

if sensitivity is high then you can RULE OUT the disease if the test comes back negative (bc few FN; most negatives are TN)

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4
Q

if the specificity of the test is high, most results will be ___; the number of ___results will be low

A

if the specificity of the test is high, most results will be TN; the number of FP results will be low

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5
Q

if specificity is high, then you can ____ the disease if the test comes back positive

A

if specificity is high, then you can RULE IN the disease if the test comes back positive (bc few FP; most positives are TP)

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6
Q

summarize the rules of sensitivity and specificity

A
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7
Q
A

sensitivity = TP / (TP + FN)

80%

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8
Q

explain likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-)

A
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9
Q

describe parallell testing vs. serial testing

A
  • parallel testing:
    • order several tests at once
    • useful for rapid assessment situations
  • serial testing:
    • order next test on basis of prior test results
    • useful in clinical situations when assessment can be done over time or tests are expensive
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10
Q

describe the 3 levels of prevention

A
  • primary: reduce exposure to etiologic agent
  • secondary: screen for asymptomatic disease with view of early treatment
  • tertiary: prevention of recurrence or complications
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