Clinical Considerations Flashcards
autoimmune skin disease causing large blistering lesions that burst, but DO heal; caused by antibodies binding to some proteins in HEMIDESMOSOMES
bullous pemphigoid
autoimmune skin disease causing blistering that do NOT heal easily; excessive bleeding; can be fatal, caused by antibodies binding to some proteins in DESMOSOMES
pemphigus vulgaris
acute bacterial infection of the SI; caused by toxins in the disrupt proteins in zonula occludes which permits the loss of water and electrolytes from CT below epithelium
cholera
patchy skin lesions; accumulates in STRATUM CORNEUM
- accelerated keratinocyte life cycle
- inflammation in dermal papillae
- cyclic and etiology is unknown
psoriasis vulgaris
spots with extra pigment; especially in fair-skinned
-INCREASE in melanin without an increase in melanocyte numbers
freckles
patches which LACK melanocytes
-unknown cause but often associated with systemic diseases (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, diabetes, addison’s disease, pernicious, anemia, leprosy)
vitiligo
discoloration due to a proliferation (increase) of melanocytes
moles (naevi)
melanocytes become MITOTICALLY active and invade dermis
- very invasive and metastatic
- treatment: surgery and chemo
malignant melanoma
caused by melanocytes failing to produce melanin
albinism
tyrosinase (enzyme) is missing from melanocytes; catalyst in conversion of tyrosine to melanin
MC form of albinism
group of genetic disorders caused by defective or reduced collagen; symptoms and security varies greatly
-unstable joints, hypermobile and easily dislocated
skin and blood vessels often affected
ehlers-danlos syndrome
caused by vit C deficiency
-bruising, bleeding gums and mucus membranes; abnormally formed teeth and bones; sallow complexion, energy loss, arm, leg and joint pain, loose teeth, bad breath
scurvy
hereditary condition of CT, bones, muscles, ligaments, skeletal structures
- irregular and unsteady gate
- tall, lean body type with long extremities
- abnormal joint flexibility
- aorta usually dilated and may become weakened, allowing aneurysm to develop
marfan’s syndrome
effect of:
- blood changes, increase in # of platelets and abnormal RBC’s
- infection
- liver takes up blood filtration
splenectomy
caused by EBV in mucus and saliva
- first replicates in nasopharyngeal epithelium
- can spread to salivary glands, lymph nodes, then to liver, spleen B cells and blood
- epithelial cells are primary source of new virus
- b cells become infected as they circulate thru oropharynx initiate a cytotoxic T cell response, decrease B cell numbers
infectious mononucleosis (mono)
