CLINICAL - Bovine Clinical Examination Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the normal internal temperature range for cows?
Temperature: 38.0 - 39.1°C
What is the pulse reference range for cows?
Pulse: 60 - 80bpm
What is the respiratory rate reference range for cows?
Respiratory rate: 15 - 35
(T/F) A bovine clinical exam should be carried out from head to tail
FALSE. A bovine clinical exam should be carried out from tail to head
When examining the rear end of a cow, which four examinations should be carried out during a bovine clinical exam?
Body condition scoring
Rectal temperature
Pulse
Vulval exam
Which artery should be used to take a pulse when examining the posterior end of a cow?
Ventral tail artery
Which two parts of the vulva should be examined during a bovine clinical exam?
Mucous membrane colour
Capillary refill time
Which three lymph nodes can be palpated during a bovine clinical exam?
Prefemoral lymph nodes
Prescapular lymph nodes
Submandibular lymph nodes
How do you identify and palpate the prefemoral lymph node during a bovine clinical exam?
Identify the hook bone and move down ventrally and roll your fingers forward, as you roll your fingers the prefemoral lymph node should flick underneath your fingers
How do you identify and palpate the prescapular lymph node during a bovine clinical exam?
Identify the scapula and roll your fingers over the cranial edge of the scapula, as you roll your fingers forward, the prescapular lymph node should flick underneath your fingers
Which test can be carried out to indicate if a cow is suffering from ventral abdominal pain?
Withers pinch test
Where should you auscultate the lungs during a bovine clinical exam?
The lungs should be auscultated between the point of the elbow, the caudal scapula and the eleventh intercostal space
Where on the body should you auscultate the rumen?
Auscultate the rumen at the paralumbar fossa
When auscultating the rumen, how many rumen turnovers should you hear?
A normal rumen turnover should consist of three full cycles every 2 minutes
What would be considered an abnormal rumen turnover?
An abnormal rumen turnover would be less than one full cycle per minute
Which three layers of the rumen should you palpate?
Dorsal gaseous layer
Middle fibrous layer
Ventral liquid layer
What are the six common associations with a displaced abomasum in cattle?
Post calving
Retained placenta
Decreased milk yield
Ketosis
Hypocalcaemia
Decreased concentrate consumption
What should you do to examine for a displaced abomasum during a bovine clinical exam?
Auscultation and percussion from the point of the elbow to the tuber coxae
(T/F) Jugular vein distention is normal in cattle
FALSE. Jugular vein distension is abnormal in cattle
What should you palpate for when examining the oesophagus during a bovine clinical exam?
The oesophagus should be palpated for swelling or indications of foreign bodies
Which four features of the head should be examined during a bovine clinical exam?
Facial symmetry
Nostrils
Eyes
Gums/teeth
What four things should you check for when examining the eyes during a bovine clinical exam?
Pupillary light reflex (PLR)
Ulcers
Ocular discharge
Cataracts
Which five things should you examine for during a bovine vaginal exam?
Discharge
Metritis
Endometritis
Retained placenta
Aborted calf
Which five things should you examine for during a bovine rectal exam?
Distension
Impaction
Adhesions
Torsion
Faecal colour and consistency
