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Abnormal Psych > Clinical Assessment > Flashcards

Clinical Assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychological Tests

A
  • Intelligence tests such as the WISC-IV and WAIS-III
  • Projective personality tests
    Objective personality tests
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2
Q

projective personality tests

A
  • Unstructured stimuli are presented to a subject
  • The subject projects meaning or structure onto the stimuli
  • These projections reveal hidden motives

i.e. rorschach

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3
Q

objective personality tests

A
  • A subject is required to read and respond to itemized statements or questions
  • i.e. MMPI-2
  • cost-effective and highly reliable
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4
Q

Ethical Issues in Assessment

A
  • Cultural bias
  • Theoretical orientation of the clinician
  • Underemphasis on the external situation
  • Insufficient validation
  • Inaccurate data or premature evaluation
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5
Q

Benefits of Classifying Abnormal Behavior

A
  • The introduction of order
  • The enabling of communication
  • The enabling of statistical research
  • Insurance issues
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6
Q

DSM Axis (5)

A
  • Axis I: clinical syndromes
  • Axis II: Personality Disorders, mental retardation
  • Axis III: General medical conditions
  • Axis IV: Psychosocial and environmental problems
  • Axis V: Global assessment of functioning
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7
Q

Stress

A
  • stressors
  • internal biological and psychological responses to stressors
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8
Q

Distress

A

Negative stress

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9
Q

Factors Predisposing a Person to Stress

A
  1. nature of the stressor
  2. crisis
  3. Life changes
  4. perception of the stressor
  5. stress tolerance
  6. A lack of resources and support
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10
Q

Characteristics of Stressors

A
  • Severity
  • Chronicity
  • Timing
  • How closely it affects our own lives
  • How expected it is
  • How controllable it is
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11
Q

Crises

A

Stressful situation exceeds ability to cope properly

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12
Q

Body system response to stress

A
  1. (SAM) system prepares fight-or-flight response
  2. (HPA) produces cortisol, which is helpful in emergencies
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13
Q

Allostasis

A

The process of adaptation or achieving stability through change

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14
Q

Coronary Heart Disease

A

A blockage of arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle

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15
Q

Causal Factors in Cardiovascular Disease

A
  • Chronic and acute stress
  • Type A—excessive drive, hostility, impatience
    Type D—distressed; tendency to experience negative emotions
  • Depression, anxiety, and social isolation
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16
Q

Bio Tx of stress disorders

A
  • Surgical procedures
  • Lipid-lowering medications
  • Aspirin or other anticoagulants
  • Antidepressant medications
17
Q

Psycho Tx for stress disorders

A
  • Emotional disclosure
  • Biofeedback
  • Relaxation and meditation
  • Cognitive-behavior therapy
18
Q

Adjustment Disorder

A

Reaction to a common stressor

  • Only if:
  1. maladaptive
  2. Occurs within 3 months of the stressor
19
Q

PTSD

A

Reaction to a traumatic stressor

  • Severe psychological and physical symptoms can result from sudden unexpected environmental crises
  • human intent are more likely to cause
20
Q

Clin Desription of PTSD

A
  • Recurrent reexperiencing of the traumatic event
  • Avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma
  • emotional numbing
  • Increased arousal
  • may occur after a delay
21
Q

PTSD Causal Factors

A

The nature of the trauma
Individual risk factors
Sociocultural risk factors

22
Q

PTSD Ind. Risk Factors

A

Being female
Low levels of social support
Neuroticism
Preexisting anxiety or depression
Family history of anxiety or depression
Substance abuse
Appraisals soon after trauma

23
Q

PTSD Prevention & Tx

A

prepare a person in advance of a stressor

Telephone hotlines
Psychological first aid
Crisis intervention (e.g., with airline disasters)

Abnormal Psych (11 decks)

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