Clinical Anatomy of Speech and Hearing Flashcards
How many cerebral hemispheres are there
4
Name the cerebral hemispheres
Occipital
Temporal
Parietal
Frontal
What is the function of the occipital lobe
visual processing
Temporal Lobe
managing emotions and processing of senses
Parietal Lobe
somatosensory function
frontal lobe
high cognitive functions
What is the central sulcus
a groove separating motor and sensory areas of the brain
What is the precentral gyrus
a depression in the brain forming the anterior border of the central sulcus
what is the postcentral gyrus
forms the posterior border of the central sulcus
What are cortical layers
layers of nerves making up the cortex
How many cortical layers are there
6
Name the cortical layers
Molecular layer
External granular layer
External pyramidal layer
Internal granular layer
Internal pyramidal layer
Multiform layer
What makes up the II External Granular layer
small granule cells and large pyramidal cells
III External Pyramidal Layer
medium pyramidal neurons
IV Internal Granular Layer
no pyramidal neurons; ascending sensory input- info to brain
V Internal Pyramidal Layer
medium/ large pyramidal neurons
VI Multiform Layer
assortment of cells/ few pyramidal neurons; input from II (External Granular Layer
What are pyramidal cells
The principal neuron in the cerebral cortex. They are the output pathway for cerebral cortex
Function of Afferent fibres
local processing circuits within cortex
Function of efferent fibres
Convey processed information to another site
What are Brodmann areas
areas known to reflect functional differences in the brain
Who discovered the Brodmann areas
Korbiniam Brodmann (1868-1918)
Main Brodmann areas
Primary Somatomotor Cortex (4)
Primary Somatosensory (3,1,2)
Vision (17)
Hearing (41,42)
Language (45,44)
Gyrus of Heschl
Located in Auditory cortex, part of area 41 and 42 in the superior temporal gyrus
