Clinical Anatomy of Speech and Hearing

Question 1

How many cerebral hemispheres are there

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Name the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 2

Occipital
Temporal
Parietal
Frontal

Question 3

What is the function of the occipital lobe

Answer 3

visual processing

Question 4

Temporal Lobe

Answer 4

managing emotions and processing of senses

Question 5

Parietal Lobe

Answer 5

somatosensory function

Question 6

frontal lobe

Answer 6

high cognitive functions

Question 7

What is the central sulcus

Answer 7

a groove separating motor and sensory areas of the brain

Question 8

What is the precentral gyrus

Answer 8

a depression in the brain forming the anterior border of the central sulcus

Question 9

what is the postcentral gyrus

Answer 9

forms the posterior border of the central sulcus

Question 10

What are cortical layers

Answer 10

layers of nerves making up the cortex

Question 11

How many cortical layers are there

Answer 11

6

Question 12

Name the cortical layers

Answer 12

Molecular layer
External granular layer
External pyramidal layer
Internal granular layer
Internal pyramidal layer
Multiform layer

Question 13

What makes up the II External Granular layer

Answer 13

small granule cells and large pyramidal cells

Question 14

III External Pyramidal Layer

Answer 14

medium pyramidal neurons

Question 15

IV Internal Granular Layer

Answer 15

no pyramidal neurons; ascending sensory input- info to brain

Question 16

V Internal Pyramidal Layer

Answer 16

medium/ large pyramidal neurons

Question 17

VI Multiform Layer

Answer 17

assortment of cells/ few pyramidal neurons; input from II (External Granular Layer

Question 18

What are pyramidal cells

Answer 18

The principal neuron in the cerebral cortex. They are the output pathway for cerebral cortex

Question 19

Function of Afferent fibres

Answer 19

local processing circuits within cortex

Question 20

Function of efferent fibres

Answer 20

Convey processed information to another site

Question 21

What are Brodmann areas

Answer 21

areas known to reflect functional differences in the brain

Question 22

Who discovered the Brodmann areas

Answer 22

Korbiniam Brodmann (1868-1918)

Question 23

Main Brodmann areas

Answer 23

Primary Somatomotor Cortex (4)
Primary Somatosensory (3,1,2)
Vision (17)
Hearing (41,42)
Language (45,44)

Question 24

Gyrus of Heschl

Answer 24

Located in Auditory cortex, part of area 41 and 42 in the superior temporal gyrus

Question 25

Brocas Area

Answer 25

part of the inferior frontal gyrus. Speech production and language comprehension

Question 26

Who discovered Brocas area

Answer 26

Pierre Broca