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SA1 - Child Health > Clinic - Infectious Diseases > Flashcards

Clinic - Infectious Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What is the significance of an infection in the first 3 months?

A

Usually bacterial so need septic screen and IV antibiotics immediately.

Uncommon for viral because of immunity from mother

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2
Q

What are some risk factors for childhood infectious diseases?

A

Other family members ill

Not immunised

Recent travel

Animal contact

Immunocompromised

Rash - Meningococcal

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3
Q

What is a focus for infection and what are some signs?

A

An indication of where the infection is

eg

  • Stridor
  • Diarrhoea
  • Rash
  • Cough.
  • If not ?UTI
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4
Q

See meningitis week

A

0 - 3 months - E.Coli, Group B Strep, Listeria

1m - 6y - N.meningitidis, S, pneumonae, H.Influenza

6 - 18 - N.meningitidis, S, Pneumonae

Elderly - S,pneumona, Listeria, N,meningitidis

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5
Q

What can cause encephalitis?

A

HSV

Post chicken pox (varicella zoster) or mumps

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6
Q

What is toxic shock syndrome?

A

S.aureus super antigen. It can come from an infection at any site

  • It causes:
  • Fever
  • Hypotension
  • Diffuse, erythematous, macular rash - LIKE SUNBURN

Treat with surgical debridement and antibiotics

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7
Q

What causes necrotising fasciitis or cellulitis

A

N.fasciitis - C.perfrigens

Cellulitis - S.aureus/S.pyogenes

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8
Q

What causes meningococcal meningitis?

Pneumococcal meningits?

A

N.meningitidis

S.Pneumonae

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9
Q

What causes epiglottis?

Croup?

A

H.influenzae

Parainfluenza viruses

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10
Q

What does the herpes simplex virus cause?

A

HSV1 - Lip and skin cold sores

HSV 2 - Genital

Often asymptomatic but can cause gingivostomatitis in kids

NB - Eczema herpaticum/Herpes keratitis

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11
Q

What is this?

A

Herpetic whitlow

HSV1 transferred to finger

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12
Q

What is this?

A

Herpes Keratitis

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13
Q

What causes chicken pox?

What is the incubation?

What is characteristic of it?

A
  • Varicella zoster
  • Incubation - 10-21 days
  • Fever and rash together and rash occurs on trunk then spreads
  • New and old VESICLES may occur together
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14
Q
  1. What causes measles?
  2. What is the incubation?
  3. What is characteristic of it?
A
  1. Measles virus
  2. 10-14 days
  3. Fever occus before the rash, KOPLIKS SPOTS and rash behind the ears

NB. Encephalitis

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

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15
Q
  1. What causes mumps?
  2. What is the incubation?
  3. What is characteristic of it?
A
  1. Mumps virus
  2. 7 - 14 days
  3. Parotiditis and raised amylase

Can lead to orchitis and infertility

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16
Q
  1. What causes german measles
  2. What is the incubation?
  3. What is characteristic of it?
A
  1. Rubella vius
  2. 14-21 days
  3. Lymphadenopathy in suboccipital and postauricular.

It can cause problems in unborn babies - congenital heart disease, cataracts, deafness

17
Q
  1. What does EBV cause?
  2. What are the symptoms?
  3. What advice do you give?
  4. What is the test?
  5. What is it linked to?
A

1) Glandular fever

2) Palatal petechae

Fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy can all occur for up t0 3 months

3) Causes hepatosplenomagaly so cant play for 8 weeks
4) Monospot (heterophil antibodies)
5) linked to Burkitts lymphoma, nasopharyngeal cancer

18
Q

What does CMV cause?

A

Hepatitis, colitis, oesophagitis

Mild or no symptoms in immunocapable

Treat with ganglicovir

19
Q
  1. What is parvovirus B19 also known as?
  2. What does it cause?
A

1) Fifth disease/Slapped cheek disease
2) It can cause the following:

  • Asymptomatic
  • Characterisic face rash a week after fever, malaise and headache
  • Aplastic crisis
  • Hydrops fetalis in utero
20
Q

What causes hand, foot and mouth disease?

What is the advice?

A

Enterovirus

Week off school

21
Q

What is Kawasaki disease?

A

Type of vasculitis that can cause aneurysms of the coronary arteries

22
Q

What are the clinical symptoms of Kawasaki disease?

A

Fever over 5 days

PLUS

4 of the following:

  1. Conjunctival infection
  2. Cracked lips/strawberry tongue
  3. Rash
  4. Cervical lymphadenopathy
  5. Red and oedematous soles or peeling fingers/toes
23
Q

What is the treatment of Kawasaki disease?

A

Aspirin and IV immunoglobulins

24
Q
  1. What causes lyme disease?
  2. What characterises it?
  3. Where is it common?
  4. Treatment
A
  1. Borrelia burgdorferi
  2. Erythema migrans and flu like symptoms
  3. N.America
  4. Doxy/amoxy
25
Q

What are these and what are they associated with?

A

Dennie Morgan lines

Atopy

26
Q

What characterises roseala infantum?

A

Rash develops and fever decreases

27
Q

What characterisis pityriasis rosea?

How do you treat

A

Herald patch

fir tree appearance

Treat with steroids, emolients, antihistamines

SA1 - Child Health (11 decks)

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