climate change

Question 1

of species

Answer 1

1.7 million -> mostly insects

Question 2

600 million year trend species

Answer 2

increase

Question 3

shift in groups

Answer 3

early vascular plants -> pteridophytes -> gymnisperms -> angiosperms

Question 4

mass extinction evets

Answer 4

225 my 90% of shallow water invertebrates
65 my dinosours -> meteorite
10k y ice age mammals -> humans
modern extinction -> 75% of extinctionj since 1600 due to human activity

Question 5

5 main antropgenic factors for extinction

Answer 5

habitat loss -> urbanisation
climate change -> warming
invasive species
overexploration -> agriculture
pollution -> N, P, plastics

Question 6

menschengemacht

FACHBEGRIFF

Answer 6

antropegenic

Question 7

biodiveristy global distribution

Answer 7

most at equator the more at poles, the less
function of latitude
however some latitudal peaks (mediteranian) and downs (desert)
for other organism can be inverse:
cactaceae -> peak in desert region no in tropic

Question 8

why high biodiv in tropics?

Answer 8

old system -> climate stability -> no glaciers
surface area discrease at poles -> not always true -> most mammal in tropics but most landmass in russia
most reasonable -> most thermal energy in tropics
-> more ressources ect
more energy more biomass support

Question 9

other things that correlate with biodiv.

Answer 9

tree and species richness

primary production - tree species richness

Question 10

small restricted geographical range

FACHBEGRIFF

Answer 10

ENDEMIC

Question 11

how endemix are species

Answer 11

25 % of birds

46% to 62% of all flora is endemic to one country

Question 12

region with high diversity

FACHBEGRIFF

Answer 12

BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT

1500 or more endemic species…

Question 13

biodiversity regions

Answer 13

35 hotspots -> 50% of all plants and 77% of all terestial vertebrates in 2.3% of land ares

Question 14

antropocene

Answer 14

great acceleration -> all indicators exponensial curves

water CO2 ect. pp

Question 15

share of global fossil CO2 emissions in 2018

Answer 15

coal 40% oil 34% gas 20% cement 4%

Question 16

warming distribution arround the world

Answer 16

polar regions warmed the most
especially the poles
winter months show greatest warming effects

Question 17

warming of seawater

Answer 17

expands and rises

Question 18

percipitation changes

Answer 18

overall the same, but extremes change -> more droughts and floods

Question 19

climate plant mortallity?

Answer 19

atmosphere hotter -> more water soluble in atomsphere -> atmosphere sucks water from plants (pressure deficit) -> plants heat up -> higher mortallity

most dramatic in tropic as trees not adapted to drought stress

Question 20

effect on boreal and temperate forests

Answer 20

more co2 -> stomata shorter open -> higher water use effiency (WUE) -> can compensate drought

Question 21

effect of CC on habits on organisms
on who most influence?
(FACHBEGRIFF)

Answer 21

altered the PHENOLOGY of organisms -> great effect in high altittudes and on amphibian (they change breeding ect)

Question 22

effect of CC on species distribution

Answer 22

birds ect can move but trees die as they move really slowly.

Question 23

experiment for effect of CC on plants (moving)

Answer 23

plant plants at different elevations and check how they cope with different temperature and humidity -> check if species will move upward…

Question 24

effect of CC on beetle

Answer 24

beetle that eat woods has longer active season -> much more stress for trees
also trees are weaker due to droughts…

Question 25

investigations for future impacts of CC

Answer 25

two uncertainties:

• responses of species to variations in climate, that control current distribution and abundance
• how changes in regions will response to increasing greenhouse gas

Question 26

experiments CC (investigation)

Answer 26

in nature:
controlled experiments that examine one parameter
(co2 uptake ect)
but influences cannot be controlled
in lab:
manipulative experiments
everything is controlled but the natural environment is not given