Claw and Hammer Toes

Question 1

cause of claw and hammer toes

Answer 1

imbalance of flexor and extensor tendons

Question 2

define claw toes

Answer 2

hyperextension of MTPJ with hyperflexion of PIPJ and DIPJ

Question 3

define hammer toes

Answer 3

hyperextension at the PIPJ

Question 4

define mallet toes

Answer 4

hyperextension at DIPJ

Question 5

presentation of toe problems

Answer 5

pain

rub on footwear causing corns and skin breakdown

Question 6

management of toe problems

Answer 6

toe sleeves and corn plasters can prevent skin problems
surgery includes tenotomy (division of an overactive tendon)
tendon transfer
arthrodesis (PIPJ)
amputation