Clavicle/ Scapula Flashcards
arm/brachium
is the area between the shoulder joint and elbow joint (humerus)
is the area between the shoulder joint and elbow joint (humerus)
arm/brachium
forearm/antebrachium
is the area between the elbow joint and the wrist joint (radius and ulna)
is the area between the elbow joint and the wrist joint (radius and ulna)
forearm/antebrachium
hand/manus
is the area of the free limb that is distal to the wrist joint (carpals, metacarpals and phalanges)
free limb that is distal to the wrist joint (carpals, metacarpals and phalanges)
hand/manus
subcutaneous throughout its length and easily palpable ●
Clavicle
forms the boundary between two well marked depression, one of which is superior to the medial third of the bone (supraclavicular fossa) and the other which is inferior to the lateral third of the bone (infraclavicular fossa)
Clavicle
What is the process of which the embryonic connective tissue is replaces by bone cells ( osteocytes)
Ossification
What type of ossification is when the bone cells replace a primitive type of connective tissue known as a mesenchyme
Intramembranous ossification.
What type of ossification is when the bone cells replace a very well developed type of connective tissue known as hyaline cartilage?
Endochondral ossification.
What is the first bone that undergoes ossification in the fetus ( usually around the 5th or the week of development)
Clavicle
What type of ossification does the two primary ossification centers undergoes?
Intramembranous.
How many secondary ossification centers does the clavicle have?
one ( which occurs around 17 years of age near the sternal end of the bone
What type of ossification does the secondary ossification undergo?
They undergo endochondral ossification
it is one of the last bones to complete its ossification, with the secondary ossification at the sternal end fusing with the rest of the bone at about 25 years of age
Ossifications of the clavicle.
it is one of the most frequently fractured bones in the body
Fractures of the Clavicle
fractures normally occur near the area of the first curvature, which is the weakest part of the bone
Fractures of the Clavicle
Were do fractures normally occur on the clavicle?
Fist lateral third of the bone near the area of the first curvature, which is the weakest part of the bone.
Where do fractures normally occur on the clavicle
The first curvature, which is he weakest pert of the bone.
What type of fractures are the majority of clavicle fractures.
non or minimally displaced and the medial fragment of the bone is usually elevated
What are the fractures usually a result of ?
Indirect forces on the shoulder that are greater than the strength of the bone.
What is a risk with clavicle fracture
if it is significant enough, it could compromise the neurovascular structures in the area or even puncture a lung.
What is a problem with broad shoulder infants
Fracture of the clavicle from the birthing process, however the bones usually heal rather quickly with no apparent problems .
What is the hereditary condition in which ossification of the clavicle is defective ?
Cleidocranial dysostosis
What is the condition where the clavicle is missing or abnormally formed ?
Cleidocranial dysostosis
Cleidocranial dysostosis is usually ___in most patients.
Bilateral
The scapular is a large, triangle___ Bone Found on the ____ aspect of the thoracic cage.
Flat; posterior
What ribs are the scapula found between?
2nd and 7th rib
What vertebrae are the scapula found between ?
T1 and T7
The bone of the scapula articulate with the acromial end of the clavicle to form _______ joint and the head of the humerus to form the ____ joint
Acromioclavicular; shoulder joint.
How many primary and secondary ossification centers are in the scapular
1 Primary and 6 Secondary (7 in total)
Where does the primary center of the scapula develop ?
Body of the bone ( Fossa and spine)
When does the primary center of the scapula develop
Around the 8th week of development.
Where does the 6 secondary ossification centers of the scapula develop ?
2 for the acromion process, 2 for the coracoid process, and 1 each for the medial border and inferior angle.
What runs from the acromion process of the scapula to the distal end of the humerus
Clinical arm.
When does the scapula complete ossification ?
between 15 and 18 years.
Why do most scapula fractures require minimal treatment ?
The muscle which cover the bone act as a natural splints.
What is important to examine after a scapula fracture ?
The underlying chest wall and lungs for injury
What is the most commonly fractures part of the scapula
Acromion process
What developmental anomaly is an undecided scapula brought about by attachment to cervical vertebrae by either bone, cartilage or fibrous attachment.
Sprenger’s deformity.
What developmental anomaly is the failure of the acromion process to fuse to the rest of the bones.
Os Acromidae
