Classification, Biodiversity Flashcards
Define classification
The organisation/grouping of living organisms into groups
Define taxonomy
The theory and practice of biologically classifying and studying these groups and their hierarchical order
Define species
Group of organisms that share a large number of common characteristics and can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
What is the order of classification?
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
What is artificial classification?
Groups organisms based on analogous characteristics (same function but different evolutionary origins)
What is phylogenetic classification?
Groups organisms based on homologous characteristics (similar evolutionary origins regardless of their function)
What is divergent evolution?
When a common ancestral structure has evolved to perform a different function
What is the binomial system?
The system of giving organisms a unique name with two parts (genus species)
e.g. canis lupus
What is biodiversity?
The range and variety of genes, species and habitats in a particular region
What is species richness?
The number of different species in a particular area at a given time
What is species evenness?
The number of organisms of each species in a particular area at a given time
How is a monoculture created?
Replacing natural meadows with a single species of crop, plant or animal species
What is the benefit of monocultures to the farmer?
Farmer only needs to provide for the needs of a single species - boosts production and profits
What is the benefit of monocultures to the farmer?
Farmer only needs to provide for the needs of a single species - boosts production and profits
What is a solution to monocultures?
Crop rotation
Intercropping
What is a conservation headland?
Area at edges of fields with a restricted use of pesticides so wild flowers and insects can breed
