Classification and biodiversity Flashcards
Distinguish between homologous and analogous structures and explain why analogous features are no considered evidence of common ancestry (3)
- analogous structures are different structures to perform a similar function
- homologous structures similar structure performing different functions
- analogous structures arise through convergent evolution
State the diagram usually shown to show common ancestry (1)
phylogenetic tree
Modern taxonomic classification combine cetacea and artiodactyle into a single order. Explain how this illustrates the tentative nature of biological classification (2)
- classification may change
- a more information becomes available
State the environmentaal factor most likely to explain the distribtuion in marine mammal species (1)
temperature
Explain why a curve shows bimodial distribution (1)
two peaks
Describe a disease caused by prokaryota, protoctista and fungi (3)
- pokaryota - salmonella
- protoctista - malaria
- fungi - athletes foot/ringworm/thrush
What is the term used to describe the variation in number of species in different places (1)
biodiversity
Identify two habitats where you would expect to find a high number of species (2)
- rain forest
- coral reef
Suggest why there is a decrease in number of species of thi type of butterfly in region covered by sahara deserts (2)
- very little water
- a low vareity of food
State why these two human forms might be classified as seperate species despite having many common features (2)
- not able to interbreed
- to produce fertile offspring
Name a biological technique to prove that two species are different (1)
- DNA hybridisation
- genetic or DNA fingerprinting
- electrophoresis
State one characteristic common to all vertebrates (1)
- possess a backbone / spine / internal skeleton / brain with cranium
Explain how result of DNA profiling tests could have been used to determine that these two species were closely related (1)
- they would have more bands in common compared to other species
Define the term species (2)
- a group of organisms that can interbreed
- produce fertile offspring
Decribe two major features of eukaryote which would allow you to distinguish from a prokaryote (1)
- have nucleus
- membrane bound organelle
- 80s riboome
- DNA associated in chromosomes