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USMLE > Classic Treatments > Flashcards

Classic Treatments Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Absence seizure

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, Colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Acute Promyelolytic Leukemia

A

All-trans retinoids acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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8
Q

Anticoagualtion during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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9
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class 1B anti arrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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10
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamin b12 supplementation (work up cause with schilling test)

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11
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Alpha-1 antagonists, 5alpha reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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12
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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13
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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14
Q

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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15
Q

Bulimia Nervosa

A

SSRI

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16
Q

Candida Albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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17
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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18
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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19
Q

Chronic gout

A

XO inhibitors (allopurinol, febuxostat)

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20
Q

Chronic Hepatitis B or C

A

IFN-a (HBV, HBC); ribavarin, simeprevir, sofobuvir (HCV)

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21
Q

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

A

Imatinib

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22
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

C.difficile

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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24
Q

C.tetani

A

Antitoxin

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25
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidovir

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26
Q

Crohn Disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, AZT

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27
Q

Crytococcus Neoformans

A

Fluconazole

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28
Q

Cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mensa

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29
Q

Depression

A

SSRI

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30
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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31
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

A

Dietary intervention (low carbs) + insulin replacement

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32
Q

Diabetes Mellitus type 2

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemic, and insulin (if refractory)

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33
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, insulin, potassium

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34
Q

Enterococcus

A

Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

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35
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

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36
Q

ER +ve breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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37
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxification

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

38
Q

H.influenza type B

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

39
Q

GAD

A

SSRI, SNRI (first line), buspirone (second line)

40
Q

Granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegener )

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

41
Q

Heparin Reversal

A

Protamine sulfate

42
Q

HER2/neu +ve breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

43
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

44
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (first-line)

45
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

46
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

47
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile). Clomiphene

48
Q

Influenza

A

Oseltamivir, zanamivir

49
Q

Kawasaki Disease

A

IVIG, high dose aspirin

50
Q

Legionella pneumophilia

A

Macrolides (erythromycin)

51
Q

Long term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban

52
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont)

Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

53
Q

Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

54
Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

55
Q

Migraine

A

Abortive therapies (sumatriptan, NSAIDs)

Prophylaxis (propranolol,topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)

56
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

DMA (B-interferon, natalizumab)

Acute flares (IV steroids)

57
Q

Mycobacterium TB

A

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

58
Q

Neisseria Gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone + doxycycline

59
Q

Neisseria Meningitidis

A

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

60
Q

Neural Tube defect prevention

A

Prenatal folic acid

61
Q

Osteomalacia/ rickets

A

Vitamin D

62
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis)

Bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)

63
Q

PDA

A

Close with indomethacin; open or maintain with PGE analogs

64
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

a-antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)

65
Q

Pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis)

66
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine/Cabergoline (dopamine agonists)

67
Q

Prostate Adenocarcinona/ Uterine Fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

68
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma

A

Flutamide

69
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomanal penicillins, aminoglycosides, cabapenems

70
Q

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

71
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Doxycycline, Chloramphenicol

72
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

Atypical antipsychotics

73
Q

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

Typical and atypical antipsychotics

74
Q

SIADH

A

Fluid retention, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan,demeclocycline

75
Q

Sickle cell disease

A

Hydroxyurea (increases fetal Hb)

76
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

77
Q

Stable angina

A

Sublingual Nitroglycerin

78
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (anti staphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

79
Q

Streptococcus Bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

80
Q

Streptococcus pnuemoniae

A

Penicillin/cephalosporins (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

81
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

82
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

High dose steroids

83
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

84
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

85
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

86
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (both partners)

87
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

A

Carbamazepine

88
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preparations (mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

89
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

90
Q

Warfarin Reversal

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin k (chronic)

USMLE (18 decks)

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