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Rapid Review STEP 1 > Classic Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

Classic Relevant Treatments Flashcards

2
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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3
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine

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4
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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5
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines

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6
Q

Alcohol abuse

A

AA+ disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family

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7
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

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8
Q

Anorexia

A

SSRIs

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9
Q

Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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10
Q

Anxiety

A

Buspirone

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11
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class 1B antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)

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12
Q

B12 deficiency

A

B12

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13
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Tamsulosin, finasteride

Alpha blocker and 5- alpha reductase inhibitor

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14
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine (mood stabilizers)

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15
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitor

anastrazole/exemestane

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16
Q

Beurger’s disease

A

Smoking cessation

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17
Q

Bulimia

A

SSRIs

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18
Q

Candida albicans

A

Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitis)

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19
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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20
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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21
Q

Chronic gout

A

Probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer)

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22
Q

Chronic hepatitis

A

IFN-alpha

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23
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib (gleevec)

Inhibits tyrosine kinase of Philadelphia chromosome..

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24
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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25
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole

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26
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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27
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab

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28
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

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29
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

A

N-acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)

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30
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

Ganciclovir

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31
Q

Depression

A

SSRIs (First line)

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32
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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33
Q

Diabetes mellitus type 1

A

Dietary intervention (low-sugar) + insulin replacement

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34
Q

Diabetes mellitus type 2

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemic (metformin: a biguanide), and insulin (possible)

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35
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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36
Q

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside

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37
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil ( PDE5 inhibitor— keeps cGMP around)

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38
Q

ER-positive breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen ( a SERM)

39
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Femepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

40
Q

Folate deficiency

A

Folate

41
Q

Haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

42
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

43
Q

Heparin toxicity (acute)

A

Protamine sulfate

44
Q

HER2/neu-positive breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

45
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

46
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (first-line)

47
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

48
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

49
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile)

50
Q

Influenza

A

Amantadine/rimantadine

51
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

Erythromycin

52
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin

53
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

54
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

55
Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

56
Q

MRSA

A

Vancomycin

57
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Beta-interferon

58
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPES (rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin)

59
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Ceftriaxone ((aka Rocephin))

add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia

60
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

61
Q

Neural tube defect prevention

A

folate/ folic acid

62
Q

Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vitamin D supplementation

63
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists

phenoxybenzamine

64
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Indomethacin (inhibits prostaglandins)

65
Q

Pneumocystis jiroveci

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)

66
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

67
Q

Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

68
Q

Prostate carcinoma

A

Flutamide

69
Q

Pulmonary hypertension

A

Bosentan

Endothelin receptor antagonist

70
Q

Pseudonomas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillin (Carben Ticar Piper) + aminoglycoside

71
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol ( can cause aplastic anemia!!)

72
Q

Ringworm infections

A

Terinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

73
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

5-HT2A antagonists (e.g., olanzapine)

74
Q

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

D2 receptor antagonists

75
Q

SIADH

A

Demeclocycline, lithium

76
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Hydroxyurea (increased HbF)

77
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Oral KI

78
Q

Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

79
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

Methicillin/nafcillin

80
Q

Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

81
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

82
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

83
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

High-dose steroids

84
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

85
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

86
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin G (benzathine penicillin G)

87
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

88
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA, infliximab

89
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

90
Q

Warfarin toxicity

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), Vitamin K (chronic)

91
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

Rapid Review STEP 1 (13 decks)

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