Classes Of Acid-Base Disturbance

Question 1

More serious and prolonged disturbances of acid base balance can results under the following circumstances

Answer 1

1. Any disorder affecting circulating buffers, respiratory performance, or renal function. Including emphysema and renal failure
2. Cardiovascular conditions. Such as heart failure or hypotension can affect the pH of internal fluids by causing fluid shifts and by changing Glomerular filtration rate and respiratory efficiency.
3. Conditions affecting the CNS. Neural damage or disease that affects The CNS can affect the respiratory and cardiovascular reflexes that are essential to normal pH regulation

Question 2

Respiratory acid base disorders result from

Answer 2

A mismatch between carbon dioxide generation in peripheral tissues and carbon dioxide excretion by the lungs. When this disorder is present the carbon dioxide level of the ECF is abnormal.

Question 3

Metabolic acid base disorders are caused by

Answer 3

The generation of organic acids or fixed acids or by conditions affecting the concentration of HC03 in the ECF.

Question 4

Four classes of acid-base disturbances

Answer 4

1. Respiratory acidosis
2. Respiratory alkalosis
3. Metabolic acidosis
4. Metabolic alkalosis