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116 - Variations in Health > Class 9: integumentary system > Flashcards

Class 9: integumentary system Flashcards

1
Q

the effects of aging on the integumentary system

A
  • reduced thickness and vascularity of dermis
  • degeneration of elastic fibres
  • loss of pigment cells
  • atrophy of hair bulbs
  • lines and wrinkles
  • thicker nails
  • graying hair and decrease in hair growth
  • increased fragility of the skin
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2
Q

assessment of the integumentary system

A
  • colour
  • lesions
  • moisture/dryness
  • edema
  • turgor
  • hair growth
  • nail growth
  • changes in moles
  • itching, burning, pain
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3
Q

erythema

A

increased blood flow to superior capillaries

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4
Q

petechiae

A

tiny hemorrhage spots (less than 3 cm)

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5
Q

purpura

A

don’t blanch-bleed under skin. vitamin c deficiency

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6
Q

ecchymosis

A

bruising, unraised

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7
Q

hematoma

A

clot outside of blood vessel, not flat, on surface

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8
Q

macule

A

flat non palpable change in skin colour (freckle)

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9
Q

nodule

A

raised palpable, solid, hard or soft

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10
Q

vesicle

A

raised, fluid filled sac, thin translucent walls. can be popped, can see borders (blister)

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11
Q

wheal

A

elevated red areas. irregular elevated border, usually large. diffused fluid (insect bite)

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12
Q

pustule

A

vesicle filled with pus, circumscribed border (acne, boil)

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13
Q

urticaria

A

rash (hives)

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14
Q

pruritis

A

itchy skin

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15
Q

stasis dermatitis

A

skin disease of lower extremities

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16
Q

eczema (atopic dermatitis)

A
  • cutaneous (skin) response to environmental allergens
  • pruritic (itch)
  • bright erythema (redness) , scaly plaques
  • could have oozing vesicles
17
Q

treatment for eczema

A

OTC hydrocortisone 0.5% can thin skin causing shear, use it intermittently.

  • hydration from moisturizers.
  • light therapy.
  • reduce stress triggers
18
Q

psoriasis

A
  • auto immune chronic dermatitis
  • excessively rapid turnover of epidermal cells
  • lesions raised, red, round, plaques covered with thick, silvery scales
  • itching, burning, pain
19
Q

treatment for psoriasis

A

light therapy, sunlight can reduce turnover of skin cell

  • no cure
  • can lead to joint attacks
20
Q

shingles (herpes zoster)

A
  • activation of varicella-zoster virus
  • linear distribution along dermatome
  • grouped vesicles
  • burning, pain, neuralgia preceding outbreak
  • mild to severe pain during an outbreak
21
Q

treatment for shingles

A
  • anti virals
  • moist cool compresses
  • sedation
  • vaccine for clients over 60
22
Q

scabies

A

highly itchy.

  • mite penetrates the outer layer of the skin and lays eggs
  • transmission by direct contact (rarely by shared items)
  • severe itching, presence of burrows, possible vesicles,
23
Q

treatment of scabies

A

permethrin (topical cream) 95% success rate. implications of stigma behind it

24
Q

lice (pediculosis)

A
  • parasites that suck blood, leave excrement and eggs on skin and hair
  • minute, red, non-inflammatory points
  • pruritis
25
Q

treatment of lice

A

shampoo and excessive combing

26
Q

athletes foot (tinea pedis)

A

fungal infection that often occurs between the toes

  • scaling and maceration
  • erythema and blistering
  • may be pruritic
27
Q

treatment for athletes foot

A

creams and sprays

28
Q

seborrheic keratosis

A

one of the most common noncancerous skin growths in older adults. waxy, scaly, can look like skin cancer, can feel like scabs. doesn’t become cancer

29
Q

actinic keratosis

A

a think, scaly patch of skin that may become cancer

30
Q

basal cell

A

characterized by erythema, ulcerations and well defined borders

31
Q

squamous cell

A

tends to invade surrounding tissue as it grows. ulcerates, may bleed and is painful

32
Q

skin cancer malignant melanoma

A
  • a high number of moles, or large moles
  • fair skin, freckling, blonde hair or blue eyes
  • close relative with the disease
  • men with gene changes from family Hx of breast or ovarian cancer
  • treatment with medications that suppress the immune system
  • too much exposure to UV radiation from sunlight, tanning lamps, or tanning booths
  • over age 50
  • xerodermapigmentosus, a rare inherited disease in which people are less able to repair damage caused by sunlight
  • past hx of melanoma

116 - Variations in Health (11 decks)

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