Class 7 - Perfusion Flashcards
Cardiac Output
HR x SV; amount of blood your heart pumps each minute
Systole
contraction of the ventricles
Preload
amount of ventricular stretch at the end of diastole
Afterload
amount of pressure the heart needs to eject the blood during ventricular contraction
Atrial Kick
increased force generated by the atria during contraction
Diastole
heart relaxed; chambers fill with blood
Hypotension
low BP
Hypertension
high BP
Primary Hypertension
high BP that has no cause
Secondary Hypertension
high BP that has a cause
RAAS
renin-angiotensin activating system; increases BP
Hypertensive crisis
sudden, severe increase of DBP to >120-130 mmHg
ACE Inhibitors
act to inhibit the angiotensin converting enzyme of the RAAS; can’t convert angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
Palpitations
racing heart
Baroreceptors
pressure receptors
Mean Arterial Pressure
average BP; **know calculation
Central Perfusion
flowing of blood; focused on the heart
cyanosis
blue colour of skin; seen in mouth, lips, etc. in central perfusion impairment
Pallor
pale skin
Capillary Refill
return to colour after pressure has been applied to a capillary bed
Widening Pulse Pressure
in isolated systolic HTN; SBP minus DBP
ADH
hormone produced by the pituitary gland; increases BP
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
released with increased preload; the body increases sodium excretion & increases water loss
norepinephrine
SNS; increases HR, increases BP
epinephrine
SNS; increases HR, increases BP
Beta 1 receptors
heart; normal functioning of the SNS
Beta 2 Receptors
lungs
Adrenergic receptors
bind epinephrine and norepinephrine
