Class 4 - Lymphatic System Flashcards
What is the embryonic origin of the lymphatic tissues?
mesoderm
What type of cell do lymph nodes develop from?
mesenchymal
What are the 3 functions of the lymphatic system?
drainage of excess ISF
transport of dietary lipids from GI tract
protection via immune response
Roughly how much fluid is filtered out of capillaries without being reabsorbed by the blood capillaries, per day?
3L
List some lipid soluble vitamins…
vitamin A, D, E, K
What is a lacteal?
lymphatic capillaries in the villi of the small intestine that absorb dietary lipids
What is a chylomicron?
a package/droplet of lipids (ULDL) absorbed by the lacteals and transported to the thoracic duct, to enter the blood at the subclavian vein
What is the main lymphatic duct of the body? Where does it begin?
the thoracic duct, cisterna chyli
What and where is the cisterna chyli?
it’s a dilated sac in the lower end of the thoracic duct, found just anterior to L2, formed by the convergence of the L & R lumbar trunk and the intestinal trunk
Lymph from what trunks flow into the thoracic duct at the cisterna chyli?
the intestinal trunk and two (R&L) lumbar lymphatic trunks
Superior to the cisterna chyli, the thoracic duct receives lymphatic fluid from which trunks?
L jugular
L subclavian
L broncho-mediastinal
The right lymphatic duct receives lymph from which 3 trunks?
R jugular
R subclavian
R broncho-mediastinal
Compare the contents of the cortex vs. the medulla of the thymus
both have dendritic cells, macrophages, and epithelial cells (produce thymic hormones)
cortex has immature t cells
medulla has mature t cells and Hassall’s corpuscles (site of T cell death)
Lymph nodes have many ___ vessels but only one or two ___ vessels
afferent, efferent
True or false: MALT is surrounded by a capsule
false
Which of the lymphatic trunks is unilateral?
intestinal
The intestinal trunk drains which abdominal organs?
stomach, intestines, pancreas, spleen, part of the liver
The subclavian trunks drain the…
upper limbs
The jugular trunks drain the…
head and neck
The broncho-mediastinal trunks drain the…
thoracic wall, lungs, heart
What are the 6 tributaries to the thoracic duct?
R & L lumbar intestinal L jugular L subclavian L broncho-mediastinal
From lymphatic capillaries to blood circulation, describe the path of lymphatic fluid
lymphatic capillaries > afferent lymph vessels > lymph nodes > efferent lymph vessels > lymph trunks > subclavian veins
When we breathe IN, there is a ____ in thoracic cavity pressure and ____ in abdominal cavity pressure, which moves lymph from ___ toward ____
decrease, increase
the abdominal region to the thoracic region
Primary lymph organs/tissues are where what occurs (mainly?)
stem cells become immunocompetent
Differentiate lymphatic organs vs. tissues:
organs have a connective tissue capsule, tissues do not
Lymph nodes and lymphatic nodules: organs or tissues?
lymph nodes are organs, lymphatic nodules are tissues
Where in the adult skeleton is red bone marrow found?
skull, sternum + ribs, vertebral bodies, coxal bones, epiphyses of long bones
What are Hassall’s corpuscles? Where are they found?
sites for T cell death,
thymic medulla
Roughly how many lymph nodes are found in the body?
600
What are the two groups of inguinal lymph nodes?
horizontal, vertical groups
The parenchyma of the spleen is the ___ and ___ pulp which are each composed of…
white: B + T cells, macrophages
red: venous sinuses, platelet storage, removed RBCs
What occurs in the red pulp of the spleen?
platelet storage
removal of RBCs + platelets
hemopoiesis in early fetal life
What organ is most often damaged in abdominal traumas?
the spleen!
MALTs include…
Peyer’s patches
tonsils
the appendix
What are Peyer’s patches?
MALT’s in the small intestinal walls that monitor bacterial growth
The spleen develops from the….
mesentery of the stomach
