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AP 3 > Class 4 - Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Class 4 - Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the embryonic origin of the lymphatic tissues?

A

mesoderm

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2
Q

What type of cell do lymph nodes develop from?

A

mesenchymal

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3
Q

What are the 3 functions of the lymphatic system?

A

drainage of excess ISF
transport of dietary lipids from GI tract
protection via immune response

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4
Q

Roughly how much fluid is filtered out of capillaries without being reabsorbed by the blood capillaries, per day?

A

3L

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5
Q

List some lipid soluble vitamins…

A

vitamin A, D, E, K

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6
Q

What is a lacteal?

A

lymphatic capillaries in the villi of the small intestine that absorb dietary lipids

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7
Q

What is a chylomicron?

A

a package/droplet of lipids (ULDL) absorbed by the lacteals and transported to the thoracic duct, to enter the blood at the subclavian vein

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8
Q

What is the main lymphatic duct of the body? Where does it begin?

A

the thoracic duct, cisterna chyli

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9
Q

What and where is the cisterna chyli?

A

it’s a dilated sac in the lower end of the thoracic duct, found just anterior to L2, formed by the convergence of the L & R lumbar trunk and the intestinal trunk

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10
Q

Lymph from what trunks flow into the thoracic duct at the cisterna chyli?

A

the intestinal trunk and two (R&L) lumbar lymphatic trunks

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11
Q

Superior to the cisterna chyli, the thoracic duct receives lymphatic fluid from which trunks?

A

L jugular
L subclavian
L broncho-mediastinal

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12
Q

The right lymphatic duct receives lymph from which 3 trunks?

A

R jugular
R subclavian
R broncho-mediastinal

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13
Q

Compare the contents of the cortex vs. the medulla of the thymus

A

both have dendritic cells, macrophages, and epithelial cells (produce thymic hormones)

cortex has immature t cells
medulla has mature t cells and Hassall’s corpuscles (site of T cell death)

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14
Q

Lymph nodes have many ___ vessels but only one or two ___ vessels

A

afferent, efferent

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15
Q

True or false: MALT is surrounded by a capsule

A

false

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16
Q

Which of the lymphatic trunks is unilateral?

A

intestinal

17
Q

The intestinal trunk drains which abdominal organs?

A

stomach, intestines, pancreas, spleen, part of the liver

18
Q

The subclavian trunks drain the…

A

upper limbs

19
Q

The jugular trunks drain the…

A

head and neck

20
Q

The broncho-mediastinal trunks drain the…

A

thoracic wall, lungs, heart

21
Q

What are the 6 tributaries to the thoracic duct?

A 
R & L lumbar
intestinal 
L jugular
L subclavian
L broncho-mediastinal
22
Q

From lymphatic capillaries to blood circulation, describe the path of lymphatic fluid

A

lymphatic capillaries > afferent lymph vessels > lymph nodes > efferent lymph vessels > lymph trunks > subclavian veins

23
Q

When we breathe IN, there is a ____ in thoracic cavity pressure and ____ in abdominal cavity pressure, which moves lymph from ___ toward ____

A

decrease, increase

the abdominal region to the thoracic region

24
Q

Primary lymph organs/tissues are where what occurs (mainly?)

A

stem cells become immunocompetent

25
Q

Differentiate lymphatic organs vs. tissues:

A

organs have a connective tissue capsule, tissues do not

26
Q

Lymph nodes and lymphatic nodules: organs or tissues?

A

lymph nodes are organs, lymphatic nodules are tissues

27
Q

Where in the adult skeleton is red bone marrow found?

A

skull, sternum + ribs, vertebral bodies, coxal bones, epiphyses of long bones

28
Q

What are Hassall’s corpuscles? Where are they found?

A

sites for T cell death,

thymic medulla

29
Q

Roughly how many lymph nodes are found in the body?

A

600

30
Q

What are the two groups of inguinal lymph nodes?

A

horizontal, vertical groups

31
Q

The parenchyma of the spleen is the ___ and ___ pulp which are each composed of…

A

white: B + T cells, macrophages
red: venous sinuses, platelet storage, removed RBCs

32
Q

What occurs in the red pulp of the spleen?

A

platelet storage
removal of RBCs + platelets
hemopoiesis in early fetal life

33
Q

What organ is most often damaged in abdominal traumas?

A

the spleen!

34
Q

MALTs include…

A

Peyer’s patches
tonsils
the appendix

35
Q

What are Peyer’s patches?

A

MALT’s in the small intestinal walls that monitor bacterial growth

36
Q

The spleen develops from the….

A

mesentery of the stomach

AP 3 (11 decks)

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