Class #11 Flashcards
5 layers to the vocal cords`
1) Epithelium
2) Superficial layer
3) Intermediate layer
4) Deep layer
5) Vocal muscle
Reinke’s Space
the place in the vocal cords that can fill with fluid and make the vocal cords swell
Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscles
control the position of the larynx in the neck
Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles
control vocal cord function
Supra hyoid muscles
- raise (elevate) the larynx
- located above the hyoid bone
1) Digastrics
2) Mylohyoid
3) Geniohyoid
4) Stylohyoid
5) Hyoglossus
6) Genioglossus (sagital section of the head)
Infra hyoid muscles
- lower the larynx
- located below the hyoid bone
1) Sternohyoid
2) Thyrohyoid
3) Omohyoid
4) Sternothyroid
Adductors
close the vocal cords
Abductors
open the vocal cords
Tensors
tighten the vocal cords
Vagus nerve
- CNX
1) Superior laryngeal nerve (SLN)
~ Internal branch:
~ External branch: connects to the cricothyroid (tenses)
2) Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN)
~ main nerve of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles
~ damage to the RLN can cause paralysis in the vocal cords
Cricothyroid (pars recta and pars oblique)
O: cricoid
I: thyroid
A: pulls thyroid away from arytenoids; tenses the vocal cords
N: SLN branch of CNX
Cricoarytenoid (lateral and posterior)
O: cricoid cartilage
I: muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
A: rotates arytenoids causing vocal folds to come together
- Lateral: Adducts
- Posterior: Abducts
N: RLN
Interarytneoids (transverse and oblique)
O: base of an arytenoid
I: apex of the opposite arytenoid
A: brings vocal cords together; adducts
N: RLN
Thyroarytenoids (VCs) (thyromuscularis and thyrovocalis)
O: thyroid
I:
- Thyromuscularis: muscular process of arytenoid
- Thyrovocalis: vocal process of arytenoid
A: pulls arytenoid closer to thyroid; tenses
N: RLN
