CKD Flashcards
what imaging can differentiate CKD from AKI
USS - CKD small bilateral kidneys
what CKD’s may not have small kidneys on USS
ADPKD, diabetic nephropathy, amyloidosis, HIV
what bloods can indicate CKD>AKI
hypocalcaemia
causes of CKD
diabetes, HTN, glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, PKD
features CKD
oedema, polyuria, tired, itch (uraemia) flap (uraemia), anorexia, insomnia, N+V, hypertension
what formula is used to calculate eGFR + what variables are there
Modified Diet Renal Disease // serum creatinine, age, gender, ethnicity
what factors can affect eGFR variables
pregnant, muscle mass (amputee, body builder), eating red meat <12 hours before
what eGFR shows now CKD
60-90+ and all other tests are normal ie no sign of kidney damage
eGFR CKD1
> 90 ml and signs of kidney damage
eGFR CKD2
60-90 ml + signs of kidney damage
eGFR CKD 3
3a = 45-59 // 3b = 30-44
eGFR CKD 4
15-29
eGFR CKD5
<15
how is protienuria monitored in CKD
albumin:creatinine (ACR)
what ACR indicates proteinuria
3 mg/mmol
how is ACR measured
first pass morning urine // if between 3-70 mg/mmol repeat again to confirm // if 70+ no repeat needed
what mx for proteinuria in CKD + when is it indicated
ACEi // if ACR >30 + HTN // if ACR >70 use regardless of BP
how long should AKI be monitored to make sure it doesn’t progress to CKD
2-3 years
1st line mx for HTN in CKD
ACEi
what change in eGFR and creatinine is acceptable after starting mx for HTN in CKD
decrease in eGFR of 25% // rise in creatinine of 30%
what antihypertensive should be considered in CKD if eGFR <45
furosemide
how does anaemia develop in CKD + at what GFR
decreased EPO // <35
what type of anaemia is present from CKD
normocytic anaemia
what cardiac comorbidity does CKD anaemia increase risk of
left ventricular hypertrophy
