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Civil Rights 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

US v Cruikshank

A

violators of African American civil rights can go unpunished

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2
Q

US v Reese

A

States can impose literacy tests or poll taxes to prevent African Americans from voting

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3
Q

Civil Rights Cases

A

Hotels, restaurants, and other business owners are free to discriminate

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4
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson

A

1896: segregation of races in public accommodations are legal
“separate but equal”

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5
Q

black codes

A

laws passed by Southern states that limited the freedoms of former slaves

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6
Q

13th Amendment

A

banned slavery

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7
Q

14th Amendment

A

gave equal rights and protection under the law to anyone born in the US as a citizen

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8
Q

15th Amendment

A

gave the right to vote to African Americans

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9
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1866

A

all people born in the US (except Native Americans) are citizens; all citizens entitled to equal rights regardless of race

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10
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

laws meant to enforce separation of white and black people in public places in the South

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11
Q

NAACP

A

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

a civil rights organization

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12
Q

imposed to prevent African Americans from voting

A

literacy tests and poll taxes

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13
Q

when was Brown v. Board of Education?

A

1954

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14
Q

NAACP attorney for Brown

A

Thurgood Marshall

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15
Q

seven-year-old student in Topeka, Kansas

A

Linda Brown

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16
Q

Chief Justice of US Supreme Court during Brown v. Board of Education

A

Earl Warren

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17
Q

Brown v. Board of Education: What?

A

Brown family sued school board since Linda Brown was denied enrollment to neighborhood school

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18
Q

Decision of Brown v. Board of Education

A

“separate but equal” is not equal in schools

integration of schools, but not private businesses

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19
Q

Brown v. Board overturned which Supreme Court case?

A

Plessy v. Ferguson

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20
Q

Impact of Brown v Board

A
  • set standard for future laws
  • a turning point in civil rights movement
  • took 10 years to implement
  • helped change Americans’ views on equality in education
21
Q

Progression of KKK intimidation tactics

A
  1. warning: burning cross
  2. taken out and beaten (physical assault)
  3. burned house
  4. killed (lynching)
22
Q

when were the Montgomery bus boycotts

A

1955; 13 months

23
Q

Montgomery bus boycotts

A

CAUSE: Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat and got arrested
WHAT HAPPENED: African Americans refused to ride buses for over a year
RESULT: Buses became integrated through Supreme Court ruling
-the beginning of MLK’s civil rights movement

24
Q

what was formed as a result of the Montgomery bus boycotts?

A

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

25
Q

Little Rock 9

A

1957
Central High School
Little Rock votes to integrate schools.
Governor Faubus ordered National Guard to prevent the nine African American students from entering
Eisenhower send the 101st Airborne to escort students

26
Q

Greensboro Sit-Ins

A

1960 @ lunch counters
Four African-American college students began a sit-in at NC Woolworth. Thousands of protestors took part in sit-ins in the following weeks across the South. Segregationists began to abuse the protests with ammonia, itching powder, acid, beaten, etc. Protestors were replaced by others
-created the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

27
Q

Freedom Rides

A

protests against segregation on interstate buses in the South; African-Americans in front and whites in back

28
Q

Election of JFK

A

did little to help civil rights

29
Q

Birmingham AL

A

African American protests to integrate public facilities and gain better jobs

 - police used violence (dogs and firehoses) on protestors
 - invited Dr. King and SCLC to join protests
 - broadcasted on TV
 - horrifying events persuaded Birmingham leaders to desegregate lunch counters, remove segregation signs and employ more African-Americans to support passage of legislation to protect civil rights
30
Q

March on Washington

A 
August 28, 1963
about 250,000 people joined MLK 
"I Have a Dream" speech
-united civil rights groups
-Kennedy promised support
31
Q

CORE

A

Congress of Radical Equality

organization that planned Freedom Rides

32
Q

Kennedy

A

assassinated in Dallas on November 22, 1963 by Lee Harvey Oswald

33
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1964

A

passed by Lyndon Johnson
banned segregation in public places such as hotels and theaters
-created Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to prevent job discrimination
officially outlawed segregation throughout the US

34
Q

24th Amendment

A

outlawed poll taxes

35
Q

Freedom Summer

A

SNCC organized voter registration drive for Southern blacks

36
Q

Selma

A

protest march to promote African American voting registration in AL

  • state troopers attacked protestors
  • broadcasted on nation TV
37
Q

Voting Rights Act

A

banned literacy tests and laws preventing people from registering to vote; sent federal officials to register voters

38
Q

Malcolm X

A
  • believed in using violence to promote civil rights
  • Muslim and member of Nation of Islam
  • later rejected teachings of the Nation of Islam
39
Q

MLK

A
  • doctor of theology
  • protestant pastor
  • non-violent protests
    • marches, boycotts, imprisonment
40
Q

Similarities between MLK and Malcolm X

A

both wanted freedom and equal rights for all races

assassinated: Malcolm X in 1965 and MLK in 1968

41
Q

NOW

A

National Organization for Women

founded by Betty Friedan in 1966 to get women good jobs at equal pay

42
Q

Betty Friedan

A

women’s rights leader and author of The Feminine Mystique

43
Q

ERA

A

Equal Rights Amendment

1972: amendment proposed that would give equality of rights regardless of sex
- not ratified by states

44
Q

Delores Huerta

A

teacher in CA for immigrant children
found the first farm workers’ union in 1962: became the chief negotiator for contracts, guaranteeing fair wages, benefits, and humane working conditions

45
Q

Cesar Chavez

A

Mexican-American farm worker and labor organizer that created the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee with Huerta
-used boycotts through media on grapes

46
Q

La Raza Unida

A

the “united people”

to elect Mexican Americans to public office and advocate for better jobs, pay, housing and education

47
Q

Burea of Indian Affairs

A

began termination policy; sold 1.6 million acres of Native American land to developers

48
Q

termination policy

A

ended federal protection of assets held by Native American tribes
gave responsibility for providing services to Native Americans to states

49
Q

Slaughterhouse Cases

A

weakened 14th Amendment

-civil rights ruled by states

Social Studies Flash Cards (36 decks)

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