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biology 12 > circulatory system > Flashcards

circulatory system Flashcards

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1
Q

One of the layers found in arteries which allows them to constrict or dilate to modify blood pressure

A

Smooth muscle

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2
Q

Larger blood vessels which carry blood back to the heart

A

Veins

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3
Q

The main part of the heart (mostly composed of muscle)

A

Myocardium

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4
Q

The chamber of the heart which receives blood from the rest of the body

A

Right atrium

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5
Q

Smaller vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

Arterioles

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6
Q

The ________ receives blood returning from the lungs

A

Left atrium

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7
Q

Large vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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8
Q

The sound made by the heart valves during atrial contraction

A

Lub

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9
Q

Oxygenated blood is found on the _____ side of the heart

A

Left

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10
Q

Contractions in these muscles helps to push blood through the veins and back to the heart

A

Skeletal

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11
Q

The _____ node receives a signal from the SA node and initiates ventricular contraction

A

AV

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12
Q

The heart is able to beat without the control of the brain - therefore, heartbeat is said to be ______

A

Intrinsic

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13
Q

Relaxation of the heart muscle - lowest arterial blood pressure

A

Diastole

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14
Q

The largest artery in the body

A

Aorta

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15
Q

A membrane which surrounds the heart

A

Pericardium

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16
Q

Smaller blood vessels which carry blood back to the heart

A

Venules

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17
Q

The pulmonary arteries carry blood to the ______

A

Lungs

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18
Q

_______ circulation occurs on the right side of the heart

A

Pulmonary

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19
Q

The hepatic ______ vein takes blood from the small intestines to the liver

A

Portal

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20
Q

The ______ vena cava returns blood from the parts of the body that are below the heart

A

Inferior

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21
Q

The percentage of blood in the arteries at any one time

A

20%

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22
Q

The most muscular of the heart chambers

A

Left ventricle

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23
Q

The ______ arteries and veins take blood to and from the kidneys

A

Renal

24
Q

The right ______ valve separates the right atrium and ventricle

A

Atrioventricular (Tricuspid Valve)

25
Q

_______ circulation occurs on the left side of the heart

A

Systemic

26
Q

These veins return blood from the head

A

Jugular

27
Q

The pulmonary ______ valve prevents the back flow of blood as the right ventricle contracts to pump blood to the lungs

A

Semilunar

28
Q

_______ pressure is created by the presence of salts and plasma proteins found in the blood

A

Osmotic

29
Q

The ______ artery takes blood from the heart to the small intestine

A

Mesentery

30
Q

The _____ node is known as the pacemaker, as it initiates the heartbeat

A

SA

31
Q

The expansion of the blood pressure during systole

A

Pulse

32
Q

Substances tend to move into the cells on the ________ side of the capillaries

A

Arterial

33
Q

The number of layers of tissue in arteries

A

3

34
Q

A device used for measuring blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

35
Q

_______ is lowest in the venules and veins

A

Blood pressure

36
Q

The type of muscle found in the heart

A

Cardiac

37
Q

The ______ arteries carry blood to the head

A

Carotid

38
Q

Substances tend to move out of the cells and into the blood on the ______ side of the capillaries

A

Venous

39
Q

Structures in veins which prevent the backflow of blood

A

Valves

40
Q

Tiny blood vessels which deliver nutrients to individual cells

A

Capillaries

41
Q

The ______ vena cava returns blood from the parts of the body that are above the heart

A

Superior

42
Q

Maximum contractions of the ventricles - highest blood pressure

A

Systole

43
Q

The wall which divides the two sides of the heart

A

Septum

44
Q

These arteries and veins take blood to and from the arms

A

Subclavian

45
Q

Another name for the left atrioventricular valve

A

Bicuspid

46
Q

The _______ arteries take blood to the heart

A

Coronary

47
Q

______ is affected by stress, oxygen levels, exercise, and blood pressure

A

Heart rate

48
Q

Total cross sectional area of the blood vessels is highest in the ______ beds

A

Capillary

49
Q

The _____ fibres carry the electrical signal down to the ventricles to initiate contraction

A

Purkinje

50
Q

The aorta divides into the _____ arteries in the pelvic region

A

Iliac

51
Q

These muscles can contract to stop the blood flow to capillary beds in certain areas of the body

A

Sphincter

52
Q

Capillaries are only ______ cell layer thick in order to allow the most efficient transport of materials across their walls

A

One

53
Q

The aortic _____ is where blood first leaves the left ventricle

A

Arch

54
Q

One of the layers found in the arteries which allows them to “stretch” during a pulse

A

Elastin

55
Q

Capillaries connect the ______ to ________

A

Arterioles to venules

56
Q

Which muscle do blood vessels contain?

A

Smooth muscle

biology 12 (7 decks)

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