Circulatory System

Question 1

what is the muscle of the heart called?

Answer 1

myeocardium

Question 2

The heart is the next most vital organ to what?

Answer 2

brain

Question 3

What is angina pectoris?

Answer 3

chest pain caused by inadequate oxygen to the heart

Question 4

what is the scientific name for a heart attack?

Answer 4

myocardial infarction

Question 5

Chest pain caused by inadequate oxygen to the heart

Answer 5

angina pectoris

Question 6

What is it called when veins from other parts of the body are used to bypass blockages in coronary arteries?

Answer 6

coronary bypass surgery

Question 7

What is the average heart beats per minute?

Answer 7

72

Question 8

What is each complete beat called

Answer 8

cardiac cycle

Question 9

How long is each cardiac cycle?

Answer 9

0.8 seconds

Question 10

What 2 parts is the cardiac cycle divided into?

Answer 10

Systole and diastole

Question 11

Systole is which phase of the cardiac cycle?

Answer 11

contraction

Question 12

diastole is which phase of the cardiac cycle?

Answer 12

relaxion

Question 13

Define stroke volume

Answer 13

the volume of blood ejected from one ventricle with EACH BEAT

Question 14

Define cardiac output

Answer 14

the amount of blood that one ventricle can pump EACH MINUTE

Question 15

What is the average cardiac output?

Answer 15

5 Liters per minute at rest

Question 16

What are intercalated disks?

Answer 16

electrical connectors that join all of the cardiac muscle fibers together

Question 17

The SA node can also be known as what?

Answer 17

pacemaker

Question 18

Where is the SA node?

Answer 18

the wall of the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava

Question 19

Where is the AV node located?

Answer 19

the right atrium along the lower part of the interatrial septum

Question 20

Where is the AV bundle located?

Answer 20

the septum of the ventricle

Question 21

Where are the Purkinje fibers located?

Answer 21

the walls of the ventricles

Question 22

What is the purpose of the purkinje fibers

Answer 22

depolarize causing the ventricles to contract

Question 23

What is depolarization?

Answer 23

contracting

Question 24

What is repolarization?

Answer 24

relaxation

Question 25

What is another name for an electrocardiogram?

Answer 25

ECG

Question 26

What are the three waves on an ECG?

Answer 26

P wave, QRS wave and T wave

Question 27

Describe the P wave

Answer 27

associated with depolarization of the artia, small hill

Question 28

Describe the QRS wave

Answer 28

associated with depolarization of the ventricles, spike

Question 29

describe the T wave

Answer 29

associated with repolarization of the ventricles, small hill

Question 30

Where do arteries carry blood?

Answer 30

away from the heart

Question 31

Where do veins carry blood?

Answer 31

toward the heart

Question 32

Where do capillaries carry blood?

Answer 32

from the arterioles to the venules

Question 33

What is the name of the inner layer of endothelial cells in the arteries?

Answer 33

Tunica Intima

Question 34

What is the layer of smooth muscle with some elastic tissue, thick in the arteries?

Answer 34

tunica media

Question 35

What is the thin layer of fibrous elastic connective tissue in the arteries?

Answer 35

tunica externa

Question 36

describe capillaries

Answer 36

microscopic vessels with only one layer called tunica intima

Question 37

What is the inner layer in the veins that prevent retrograde movement of blood

Answer 37

tunica intima

Question 38

What is the smooth muscle layer in veins that are thin in veins

Answer 38

tunica media

Question 39

what is the heavy layer of fibrous connective tissue in the veins

Answer 39

tunica externa

Question 40

What is the function of the arteries?

Answer 40

distribution of nutrients, gasses, etc., movement of blood under high pressure, assist in maintaining the arterial blood pressure

Question 41

What is the function of capillaries?

Answer 41

serve as exchange vessels for nutrients, wastes and fluids

Question 42

What is the function of veins

Answer 42

collect blood for return to the heart; low pressure vessels

Question 43

Where does systemic circulation carry blood?

Answer 43

throughout the entire body

Question 44

Where does pulmonary circulation carry blood?

Answer 44

to and from the lungs

Question 45

The hepatic portal veins have how many capillary beds?

Answer 45

2

Question 46

Hepatic portal circulation routes blood through what?

Answer 46

liver

Question 47

What assists with homeostasis of blood glucose levels?

Answer 47

Hepatic portal veins

Question 48

definition of blood pressure

Answer 48

push, or force, of blood in the blood vessels

Question 49

Blood pressure is highest where and lowest where

Answer 49

highest in arteries and lowest in veins

Question 50

Name the four factors that influence blood pressure

Answer 50

1. Blood Volume 2. Strength of ventricular contractions 3. Blood viscosity 4. resistance to blood pressure

Question 51

what is the normal average blood pressure

Answer 51

120/80

Question 52

in a blood pressure reading of 120/80... what is the 120

Answer 52

contraction

Question 53

in a blood pressure reading of 120/80

Answer 53

relaxation

Question 54

what is the venous blood pressure within the right atrium called

Answer 54

central venous pressure

Question 55

5 things the venous return of blood to the heart depends on

Answer 55

1. a strongly beating heart 2. adequate arterial blood pressure 3. valves in the veins 4. pumping action of skeletal muscles as they contract 5. changing pressures in the chest cavity caused by breathing