Chapter 13-Respiratory System Flashcards
What 2 gases are exchanged during respiration?
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
The process of exchanging gases between the atmosphere and the body cells
Respiration
What two systems play equal roles?
Circulatory and respiratory
Name the 5 main functions of the respiratory system
- Filter particles from incoming air
- Help control temperature and water content of the air
- Aids in producing the sounds used in speech
- Aids in the sense of smell
- Aids in regulation of the ph levels
Body cells do what to oxygen to release energy?
Oxidize
What is the result of oxidation
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is the what of oxidation?
Waste product
What is pulmonary ventilation
Movement of air in and out of the lungs
What is cellular respiration
The utilization of oxygen and producing of carbon dioxide by the cells
List the 8 organs of the respiratory system?
Nose Nasal cavity Sinuses Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchial tree Lungs
The nostrils provide what?
Entrances for air
What serve as barriers in the nose?
Internal hairs
The nasal cavity is what?
A hollow space behind the nose
What divides the nasal cavity into left and right portions
Nasal sectum
What is the nasal cavity lined with?
Mucus membrane
What three things does the mucus membrane do?
Filters the incoming air
Warms the incoming air
Moistens the incoming air
What are the 2 reasons that we have sinuses
Intensify voice
Decrease the weight of the skull
The sinuses are what kind of spaces in the skull?
Air filled
What are the sinuses lined with?
Mucus membrane
What is the common name for the pharynx
Throat
The pharynx is a common passage way for what
Air and food
The pharynx aids in what
Creating sound
The common name for the larynx is what
Voice box
The larynx is a what at the top of the trachea
Enlargement
What is the purpose of the larynx
Prevents foreign objects from entering the trachea
What does the larynx house
Vocal cords
Describe the false vocal cords
Help close larynx during swallowing and not involved in producing sound
Describe the true vocal cords
Lower folds that contain elastic fibers and produce vocal sounds
Describe the glottis
Opening between cords during normal breathing
When is the glottis closed?
During swallowing
What is the epiglottis
Flap like structure that allows air to enter larynx
What is the common name for trachea
Wind pipe
The trachea is what?
Flexible cylindrical tube
How big is the trachea
7 inches long and 1 inch round
Where does the trachea lie?
In front of esophagus
What is the trachea lined with?
Ciliates mucous membrane
What is the purpose of the coated mucous in the trachea
To filter and trap
The trachea is made of how many c shaped particles
20
What kind of particles is the trachea made of?
C shaped
The c shaped pieces in the trachea are made of what kind of cartilage
Hyaline
The rings in the trachea prevent what
Trachea from collapsing and blocking the airway
Describe the bronchial tree
Branched tubed airways which filter incoming air and distribute it to alveoli
Name the 4 tubes in the bronchial tree
Primary bronchi
Secondary bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Which of the 4 tubes in the bronchial tree is the smallest
Alveolar ducts
