Blood Chapter- Part 1 Flashcards
What type of tissue does blood contain
connective tissue
What 3 cell types are found in blood?
White Blood Cells, Red Blood Cells, Platelets
What is the scientific name for White Blood Cell
Leukocytes
What is the scientific name for Red Blood Cell
Erythrocytes
What is the scientific name for platelets
thrombocytes
What 5 things make up plasma
- water
- nutrients
- hormones
- electrolytes
- cellular waste
List the 4 factors volume varies by
- body size
- fluid balance
- electrolyte balance
- fat content
What does blood transport?
oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste prodcucts, hormones, enzymes
Where are nutrients transported from and to
from digestive organs to cells
where are waste products transported to and from
from cells to kidneys, lungs and sweat glands
where are hormones transported from and to
from endocrine glands to cells
where are enzymes transported to?
various cells
What is the scientific term for blood formation
hemopoiesis
Describe red blood cells
tiny, biconcave disks, contain hemoglobin, are elastic and flexible
Name the three types of hemoglobin
oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, carbaminohemoglobin
What does oxyhemoglobin carry and what color does it turn
carries oxygen, turns bright red
What does deoxyhemoglobin release and what color does it turn
releases oxygen, turns dark red
What does carbaminohemoglobin carry
carbon dioxide
Where are agranular white blood cells produced after birth
spleen, tonsils, and lymph nodes
How many red blood cells are in a cubic mm in an adult male
4,600,000-6,200,000
How many red blood cells are in a cubic mm in an adult female
4,200,000-5,400,000
Why do we count Red Blood Cells
to help diagnose and evaluate the course of various diseases
What is hemoglobin broken down into and what is each made of
hemo- iron and biliverdin and globin- proteins
What is the average life span of a Red Blood Cell in the human body
120 days
How many times more viscous is blood than water
3 to 4
What hormone controls the oxygen level in Red Blood Cells
erythropoietin
How does erythropoietin control control the oxygen level?
stimulates Red Blood Cell production in bone marrow
What actually carries the oxygen to your tissues
hemoglobin
What type of cell destroys damaged and old Red Blood Cells
macrophages
What is the process of the cells being destroyed
phagocytized
What is the scientific name for red bone marrow
myeloid tissue
How many liters of blood are in the average adult male
5-6 liters
How many liters are in the average adult female
4-5 liters
What % of plasma is water?
92%
What is the temperature of blood
100.0 degrees F
What is the pH of the blood
7.35-7.45
What % of blood is plasma
55%
What % of blood is cellular
45%
What 3 things does blood protect against
blood loss, toxins, foreign microbes
As an adult where are blood cells produced? (6 places)
humerus, femur, sternum, ribs, vertebrae, pelvis
As an embryo or fetus where are blood cells produced at various times (6 places)?
yolk sac, liver, spleen, thymus gland, lymph nodes, bone marrow
What % of your total body weight is made of blood
8%
Hemoglobin makes up what portion of the cells weight?
1/3
What is vitamiin B12 and folic acid needed for
synthesis of DNA molecules, cell growth and reproduction, RBC forming tissue
What is iron needed for?
hemoglobin synthesis and normal RBC formation
How is iron absorbed
from food passing through the small intestine
Where are damaged RBC’s destroyed
liver and spleen
How does the shape relate to its function of transporting gases?
increasing surface area by which gases diffuse
The volume of your blood varies with what? (4 things)
body size, fluid and electrolyte balance, fat content
How can RBC’s pass through small vessels like capillaries?
they are elastic and flexible
After birth, where are blood cells made?
red bone marrow
What is iron absorbed from
food passing through small intestines
Another term for Red Blood Cell
hematocrit
