Chapter 9 Part 2 Flashcards
What does the brain stem connect
Cerebrum to the spinal cord
What is a nerve tissue that connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord?
Brain stem
What are the 4 parts to the brain stem?
Diencephalon, mid-brain, pons, medulla oblongata
What is the diencephalon located between?
Cerebral hemispheres and above the midbrain
What are the parts of the diencephalon?
Thalamus, hypothalamous, limbic system, pineal gland
what is the thalamus
Central relay station for sensory impulses to cerebral cortex
The cortex communicates with the thalamus through what?
Descending fibers
What can’t the thalamus do?
Pinpoint sensory stimulation
What does the hypothalamus do?
Maintain homeostasis
Name the activities the hypothalamus regulates
Heart rate and blood pressure, body temperature, water and electrolyte balance, body weight and controls hunger, control of movements and glandular secretions of stomach, production of neuroses retort substances that stimulate the pituitary gland, sleep and wakefullness
What is the limbic system involved in
Emotional experience and expression
The limbic system can?
Modify the way a person acts and guide behavior to increase survival
What shape is the pineal gland?
Cone shaped
What is the pineal gland and what is it attached to
Endocrine gland attached to the thalamus
Where is the mid brain located
Between the diencephalon and pons
What does the mid brain serve as?
Reflex center for vision and hearing
What does the mid brain contain?
Nerve fibers
Where are the pons located?
On the underside of brain stem
What does the dorsal portion of the pons consist of?
Longitudinal nerve fibers that relay impulses to and from medulla oblongata and cerebrum
What does the ventral portion pon consist of?
Transverse nerve fibers that transmit nerve fibers that transmit impulses from cerebrum to centers within cerebellum
what is the medulla oblongata?
Enlarged continuation of spinal cord extending from the pons to do ramen magnum
In the medulla oblongata, what passes through it because of its location
All ascending and descending fibers
Nuclei in the medulla oblongata function as control centers for what activities?
Cardiac center: controls heart rate
Vasometer center: controls blood pressure
Respiratory center: regulate rate, rhythm, and depth of breathing
Other nuclei: function as centers for reflexes associated with coughing sneezing swallowing and vomiting
The reticular formation is what?
A network of nerve fibers scattered throughout the medulla oblongata pons and mid brain
The reticular formation signals what?
The cerebral cortex with sensory impulses activating it into a state of wakefullness
What is the cerebellum
A large mass of tissue located below occipital loves of the cerebrum and behind the medulla oblongata and pons
Where is the cerebellum located?
Below the occipital lobe of the cerebr and behind the medulla oblongata and pons
How many hemispheres to the cerebellum are there?
2
What are the 2 hemispheres of the cerebellum connected by?
Vermis
What are the 2 hemispheres of the cerebellum separated by?
Dura mater
What is the cerebellum covered by?
A thin layer of gray matter of cerebellar cortex
The cerebellum consists of how many nerve tracts?
3
The 3 pairs of nerve fibers in the cerebellum are what?
Inferior peduncles, middle peduncles, superior peduncles
The inferior peduncles job is what?
To bring sensory info concerning the position of the limbs joints and other body parts to the cerebellum
The middle peduncles do what?
Transmit signals from the cerebral cortex to cerebellum
The superior peduncles do what?
Send impulses from cerebellum to the midbrain
The cerebellum functions as what
Reflex center
The cerebellum helps maintain what
Posture
The cerebellum is divided into how many main parts
3
The cerebellum is divided into 3 main parts. What are they?
Cerebrocerebellum, vestibullocerebellum, spinocerebellum
The cerebrocerebellum does what
Receives signals from cerebrum
The vestibulorcerebellum does what
Receives input from the brain stem
The spinocerebellum does what
Receives electrical signals from the spinal cord
The surface of the cerebellum is shaped by thin folds called what
Folia
The cerebellum coordinates what
Motor activity, posture and balance, and helps us store I do about motor skills
Damage to cerebellum may cause what?
Tremors in accurate movements of voluntary muscles, loss of muscle tone, a distorted walk, loss of equilibrium
