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Biology > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the tricuspid valve?

A

To prevent the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium

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2
Q

What occurs during atrial systole?

A

Atrial muscles contract

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3
Q

What occurs during ventricular diastole?

A

Ventricular muscles relax

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4
Q

What causes the sound ‘DUP’ during the heart cycle?

A

Closure of the semilunar valves at the roots of the pulmonary artery and aorta

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5
Q

What are the two main phases of a heart beat called?

A

Systole and diastole

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6
Q

Which valves are open during the filling of the ventricles?

A
  • Tricuspid valve
  • Bicuspid valve
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7
Q

What happens to the cuspid valves during ventricular contraction?

A

They close to prevent blood from returning to the atria

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8
Q

What role do the chordae tendineae play in the heart?

A

They hold the flaps of the valves in position

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9
Q

What is the duration of a full human heart beat?

A

About 0.85 seconds

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10
Q

What is the sequence of events in the cardiac cycle called?

A

Cardiac cycle

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11
Q

What produces the first heart sound ‘LUBB’?

A

Closure of the atrioventricular (tricuspid and bicuspid) valves

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12
Q

What is the role of the sino-atrial node (SAN)?

A

It acts as the pacemaker for the heart

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The impulse from the SAN is relayed to the ventricles via special _______.

A

Conducting fibres

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14
Q

What is the function of the Bundle of His?

A

To conduct impulses from the AV node to the ventricles

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15
Q

True or False: The heart rate is the same across all species.

A

False

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16
Q

What factors influence heart rate in animals?

A
  • Size of the body
  • Surface volume ratio
  • Metabolic rate
17
Q

What happens during joint diastole?

A

Both the atria and ventricles are in a relaxed state

18
Q

What happens to the semilunar valves during ventricular systole?

A

They open to allow blood to pass into the pulmonary artery and aorta

19
Q

What is the approximate heart rate of an adult cat at rest?

A

120 beats per minute

20
Q

What is the average heart rate of a newborn infant?

A

160 beats per minute

21
Q

What happens to blood flow when the ventricles contract?

A

Blood is pushed into the pulmonary artery and aorta

22
Q

Fill in the blank: The area where the pacemaker (SAN) is located is near the opening of the _______.

A

Superior vena cava

23
Q

What is the relationship between body size and heart rate?

A

Smaller size typically correlates with a faster heart rate

Biology (6 decks)

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