Circulatory system

Question 1

What do the cells in our body need?

Answer 1

A good supply of oxygen and nutrients. And get rid of waste substances.

Question 2

What 3 blood vessels are contained in the circulatory system?

Answer 2

1) arteries
2) veins
3) capillaries

Question 3

Label the heart.

Answer 3

A) aorta
B) pulmonary artery
C) pulmonary veins
D) left atrium
E) valve
F) left ventricle
G) valve
H) ventricular septum
I) right ventricle
J) valve
K)right atrium
L) vena cava

Question 4

Which side of the heart contains oxygenated blood?

Answer 4

Left

Question 5

Which Parts of the heart receives blood from the lungs?

Answer 5

Pulmonary veins/left side

Question 6

Which part of the heart receives blood from the Rest of the body?

Answer 6

Right atrium

Question 7

Which parts of the heart pump blood into the ventricles?

Answer 7

Atrium/atria

Question 8

Why do the ventricles have thicker walls in the atria?

Answer 8

Because they have to pump the blood further around the body, so more muscle is required

Question 9

Why does the left ventricle have thicker walls than the right ventricle?

Answer 9

Because the left ventricle pumps blood to the whole body, where is the right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.

Question 10

What is a double circulation?

Answer 10

When blood passes through the heart twice on every full circuit of the body.

Question 11

What does a double circulatory system do?

Answer 11

It separates the blood with oxygen and the blood without oxygen.

Question 12

What is blood with oxygen called?

Answer 12

Oxygenated blood (red)

Question 13

What is blood called without oxygen called?

Answer 13

Deoxygenated blood (blue)

Question 14

What does the pulmonary circuit do?

Answer 14

Pumps blood to the lungs.

Question 15

What does the systemic circuit do?

Answer 15

Pumps blood to the body system. E.g the head, limbs.

Question 16

Where does the oxygenated blood go?

Answer 16

To each organ in the body. Via its own artery.

Question 17

Where does deoxygenated blood go?

Answer 17

goes back to the heart to get taken to the lungs by veins

Question 18

What is oxygenated blood attached to?

Answer 18

Haemoglobin

Question 19

Where do red blood cells pick up oxygen?

Answer 19

In the lungs and alveoli

Question 20

Label the artery, vein and capillary.

Answer 20

Artery
A) smooth muscle with elastic muscle fibres.
B) endothelium
C) lumen
D)fibrous outer layer.
Vein
A) smooth muscle with elastic fibres
B) endothelium
C) fibrous outer layer
D) lumen.
Capillary
A) one cell thick wall
B)lumen

Question 21

Which blood vessel carry blood away from the heart?

Answer 21

Arteries

Question 22

Which blood vessels carry blood towards the heart?

Answer 22

Veins.

Question 23

Why do arteries have strong walls?

Answer 23

To withstand blood at a high pressure.

Question 24

What is the job of an artery?

Answer 24

To pump oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

Question 25

What is the structure of the wall of the artery?

Answer 25

Big tick wall. Elastic.

Question 26

How does the structure of an artery help them do their job?

Answer 26

Pump blood at a high pressure efficiently.

Question 27

What is the job of a capillary?

Answer 27

to allow gases and nutrients to pass through easily.

Question 28

What is the structure of the wall of a capillary?

Answer 28

Single cell wall very thin.

Question 29

How does the structure of a capillary help them do their job?

Answer 29

Very small so they can penetrate every part of the body.

Question 30

What is the job of a vein?

Answer 30

To pump deoxygenated blood towards the heart from the lungs in the body.

Question 31

What is the structure of a wall of a vein?

Answer 31

Thin, smooth wall with a large lumen.

Question 32

How does the structure of a vein help it do its job?

Answer 32

They can pump blood at a lower pressure smooth, will provide less friction.

Question 33

What is the definition of stoke volume? (SV) and the approximate resting value?

Answer 33

The volume of blood pumped out of the heart per beat. 70ml ( average fitness) 90ml athlete

Question 34

What is the definition of heart rate? (HR) and the approximate resting value?

Answer 34

The number of times the heart hearts per minute. 70bpm (average)

Question 35

What is the definition of cardiac output? (CO) And the approximate resting value?

Answer 35

The volume pumped out of the heart per minute. 4.9L/min (average)

Question 36

What is the equation linking SV,HR and CO

Answer 36

CO = SV x HR

Question 37

What are the 4 components of blood? And what percentage of the blood are they?

Answer 37

1) plasma (55%) 2) red blood cells (44%) 3) white blood cells ( >1%) 4) platelets (>1%)

Question 38

What is the function of the plasma?

Answer 38

The liquid component of the blood. It’s jobs is to transport nutrients such as glucose.

Question 39

What is the function of the red blood cells?

Answer 39

Contain haemoglobin. Their job is to transport oxygen. ( and CO2)

Question 40

What is the function of white blood cells?

Answer 40

To fight infections and bacteria, producing antibodies to do so.

Question 41

What is the function of platelets?

Answer 41

To clot the blood

Question 42

What is the role of haemoglobin?

Answer 42

1) its a protein found in red blood cells. 2) high (affinity) attraction for oxygen. 3) oxygen attaches to the haemoglobin. (Oxyhemoglobin) and gets transported around the body. 4) carbon dioxide attaches to haemoglobin. (carbaminohaemoglobin)