Circulatory pathways Flashcards
Which pump is the Left side of heart
systemic circuit pump
Which pump is the right side of heart
pulmonary circuit pump
Which circuit pumps more blood?
The volumes are equal at any given time, but ventricular workloads are unequal
More information on the circuits
Pulmonary circuit is short and low pressure
Systemic circuit is much longer and has higher resistance
In a schematic whats does the color of a vessel indicate
the level of oxygenation
Which way do arteries carry blood, what type of blood and whats the exception
away from the heart
the blood is usually oxygen-rich, except in pulmonary trunk
Which way do veins carry blood, what type of blood and whats the exception
to the heart
the blood is usually oxygen-poor, except in pulmonary veins
How much of the body’s blood supply does the heart require
1/20th
Blood in the heart chamber…
does not nourish the heart itself
Coronary CIrculation
exists in the epicardium
they are the functional blood supply to the myocardium
Right and Left Coronary Arteries
Arise from the base of the aorta and travel around the heart in the coronary sulcus
Left Coronary Artery
serves the left side of the heart
Anterior Interventricular Artery (Left Anterior Descending Artery)
follows the anterior interventricular sulcus, supplies blood to the anterior walls of both ventricles + the interventricular septum
“The Widow Maker”
Circumflex artery
supplies the left atrium and the posterior wall of the left ventricle
Right Coronary Artery
serves the right side of the heart
Right Marginal Artery
supplies the myocardium of the lateral right side of the heart
Posterior Interventricular Artery
supplies the apex of the heart and the posterior ventricular walls
Where do the anterior and posterior interventricular artery merge?
The heart’s apex
What percent of the coronary artery supply both interventricular arteries
15%
What percent of people does a single artery supply to the whole heart
4%
Myocardial Infarction
complete blockage of a coronary artery leads to tissue death usually called a “heart attack”
myocardial cells are cut off from blood supply and die
dead cells are replaced by non contractile scar tissue
prolonged coronary blockage of the vessels supplying the left ventricle is the most likely to be fatal
Blood flow through coronary arteries
Is intermittent and pulsating
when the ventricles are relaxed, blood flows into the myocardium
when the ventricles contract, the coronary arteries are compressed, and flow is temporarily ceased
Angina Pectoris
thoracic pain caused by a fleeting deficiency in blood supply to myocardium
causes: increased physical demands on the heart, stress induced spasms of the coronary arteries
myocardial cells will be weakened, but they will not die
Coronary veins
after passing through the myocardium’s capillary beds, venous blood is collected by cardiac veins
the path of the cardiac veins roughly follows the coronary arteries
cardiac veins merge to form the coronary sinus
where does the coronary sinus drain into
right atrium
what are the three tributaries of the coronary sinus
great cardiac vein from the anterior interventricular sulcus
middle cardiac vein from the posterior interventricular sulcus
small cardiac veins from the right inferior margin
what directly empties directly into the right atrium
anterior cardiac veins
