Circulation and Back

Question 1

Plasma moves from the arterial capillaries into tissue due to

Answer 1

hydrostatic and blood pressure

Question 2

Plasma moves from tissue back into venous capillaries due to

Answer 2

osmotic pressure

Question 3

The diffusion of water from an area with a high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration is

Answer 3

osmosis

Question 4

What causes the high osmotic pressure of blood?

Answer 4

The solutes and proteins present in the plasma (proteins can’t cross membranes)

Question 5

These three areas of the body do not have lymphatic capillaries:

Answer 5

the CNS (has CSF instead), bone marrow, and any tissues without blood vessels (cartilage, epidermis of skin, cornea of eye)

Question 6

Lymphatic capillaries are ___ permeable than blood capillaries

Answer 6

MORE

Question 7

Lymph is filtered before it returns to the venous system using the

Answer 7

lymph nodes

Question 8

The jugular trunks of the lymphatic system drain:

Answer 8

head and neck

Question 9

The subclavian trunks of the lymphatic system drain:

Answer 9

upper limbs, outside of the thoracic wall, lateral portions of the breasts

Question 10

The bronchomediastinal trunks of the lymphatic system drain:

Answer 10

lungs, thoracic organs, internal thoracic wall, medial portions of the breasts

Question 11

The intestinal trunks of the lymphatic system drain:

Answer 11

abdominal organs and inside of abdominal wall

Question 12

The lumbar trunks of the lymphatic system drain:

Answer 12

lower limbs, pelvis

Question 13

The lumbar and intestinal trunks, as well as the left bronchomediastinal, left subclavian, and left jugular trunks drain into

Answer 13

the thoracic duct

Question 14

The thoracic duct empties back into the venous system via

Answer 14

the left venous angle (where the left subclavian vein and internal jugular vein join to form the left brachiocephalic vein)

Question 15

The right jugular, right subclavian, and right bronchomediastinal trunks empty lymph back into the venous system separately via

Answer 15

either the right subclavian vein or right brachiocephalic vein

Question 16

Located at the origin of the thoracic duct, the _____ receives lymph from the lumbar and intestinal trunks

Answer 16

chyle cistern

Question 17

The lymph from the lower back drains into the

Answer 17

lumbar trunks

Question 18

The inferior and middle intercostal trunks, which run parallel to the posterior intercostal vessels inferior to the ribs, drain into _____ from both sides

Answer 18

thoracic duct

Question 19

The superior intercostal collecting trunks drain into _____ ipsalaterally

Answer 19

bronchomediastinal trunks

Question 20

Lymph from the head and neck drains into the _____ ipsalaterally

Answer 20

jugular trunks

Question 21

The lateral portion of the breast drains lymph to the ___ and ____ lymph nodes, as well as the ____ trunk

Answer 21

axillary and clavicular; subclavian

Question 22

The medial portion of the breast drains lymph to the ___ lymph nodes and the _____ trunk

Answer 22

parasternal; bronchomediastinal

Question 23

The inferior portion of the breast drains lymph to the ____ lymph nodes and the trunk

Answer 23

inferior phrenic; intestinal

Question 24

The upper limb drains lymph into the ____ lymph nodes and the _____ trunk

Answer 24

axillary; subclavian

Question 25

The descending aorta provides the start of the arteries to supply the back-what are the two arteries at each vertebral level through T12?

Answer 25

The right and left posterior intercostal arteries

Question 26

The intercostal arteries also divide into dorsal and ventral branches-which branch supplies the muscles, skin, vertebrae, and spinal cord of the back?

Answer 26

the dorsal branch of each posterior intercostal artery

Question 27

The abdominal aorta continues the arterial supply of the back by providing

Answer 27

the right and left lumbar arteries (5 on each side)

Question 28

Each lumbar artery divides into two branches to supply the rest of the back-which branch supplies the lower back?

Answer 28

The dorsal branch of the lumbar arteries

Question 29

The external vertebral venous plexus is located

Answer 29

outside the vertebrae

Question 30

The internal vertebral venous plexus is located

Answer 30

within the vertebral foramen

Question 31

The intervertebral veins are

Answer 31

between the plexuses

Question 32

The vertebral plexuses drain into

Answer 32

the intervertebral veins

Question 33

The intervertebral veins drain into ___ in the thorax and ____ in the abdomen

Answer 33

posterior intercostal veins; lumbar veins