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Anatomy Exam 1 > Bones and Joints of the Thorax and Upper Limb > Flashcards

Bones and Joints of the Thorax and Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

The first 7 ribs are considered

A

True/vertebrocostal

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2
Q

Ribs 8-10 are considered ____, and attach to the costal cartilage of the rib above as their anterior articulation

A

False/vertebrochondral

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3
Q

Ribs 11 and 12 are ____ and do not have anterior articulations

A

Floating

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4
Q

The three parts of the sternum are

A

Manubrium, Body of Sternum, Xiphoid process

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5
Q

The manubrium has 3 notches- 1 to articulate with the ____ and two costal notches to articulate with ___

A

clavicle; 1st and 2nd rib

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6
Q

The manubriosternal joint is also called the ____, and the second rib articulates here

A

sternal angle

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7
Q

The body of the sternum has a joint connecting it to the xiphoid process and the joint is called

A

the xiphisternal joint

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8
Q

Ribs 1-10 develop from 4 ossification centers. The one primary center is ____; the three secondary ossification centers are for the ____, ______, and _____

A

the body of the rib; head, articular part of the tubercle, non-articular part of the tubercle

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9
Q

The joints joining the ribs and vertebrae are ____, which allows rotation of the head of the rib on the vertebral body as the ribs elevate or depress

A

Costovertebral joints are plane synovial

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10
Q

The heads of the ribs 1, 11, and 12 (maybe 10) articulate with ____

A

just the vertebrae of the same number

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11
Q

The heads of ribs 2-9 articulate with _____

A

the vertebrae of the same number and the vertebrae above

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12
Q

The joint between the tubercle of the rib and the costal facet of the transverse process of the same numbered vertebrae is considered a _____ joint; at the superior and middle joints (ribs 1-7) the movement that occurs is ____; at the inferior joints (ribs 8-10) the movement that occurs is ____ (when the ribs are elevated or depressed)

A

plane synovial; rotation; gliding

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13
Q

The costochondral joints, located between costal cartilages and anterior ends of ribs, are ____ joints which allow flexibility but ____

A

primary cartilaginous joints; no movement

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14
Q

The interchondral joints, located _____, are plane synovial joints which allow _____ movement

A

between costal cartilages; no movement

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15
Q

The first sternocostal joint is a ____ and allows ___ movement

A

primary cartilaginous joint; no movement

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16
Q

2nd-7th sternocostal joints are ____ joints and allow ____movement

A

plane synovial joints; no movement

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17
Q

The sternocostal joints join ____ and ____

A

costal cartilage of ribs to costal notches in sternum

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18
Q

The manubriosternal joint is a ___ joint between the manubrium and the body of the sternum; it allows ____ movement

A

secondary cartilaginous joint; no movement

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19
Q

the xiphisternal joint is a ____ joint between the body of the sternum and the xiphoid process; it allows ____ movement

A

primary cartilaginous joint; no movement

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20
Q

The clavicle is the only bony connection between the upper arm and thorax; it connects these with the _____ and ____ joints

A

acromioclavicular joint (joins the clavicle and acromion of the scapula) and the sternoclavicular joint (joints the sternum and the clavicle)

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21
Q

The clavicle ossifies with _____ ossification; its primary centers are medial and lateral, and its secondary center is at the sternal end

A

intramembranous ossification

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22
Q

This is a saddle synovial joint with an articular disk, but it functions as a ball-and-socket joint. It allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumflexion, and rotation the upper arm

A

Sternoclavicular joint (the sternal end of the clavicle and the clavicular notch of the manubrium)

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23
Q

This is a plane synovial joint with an articular disk that allows slight gliding between the clavicle and scapula

A

Acromioclavicular joint (acromial end of clavicle and acromion process of scapula)

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24
Q

This ligament forms the joint capsule of the sternoclavicular joint

A

sternoclavicular ligament

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25
Q

This ligament forms the joint capsule of the acromioclavicular joint

A

acromioclavicular ligament

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26
Q

This ligament stretches from the coracoid process of the scapula to the acromion process of the scapula

A

Coracoacromial ligament

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27
Q

The coraco-clavicular ligament has two parts: ___ from the trapezoid line of the clavicle to the coracoid process of the scapula, and ____ from the conoid tubercle of clavicle to coracoid process of the scapula

A

Trapezoid ligament; Conoid ligament

28
Q

This ligament attaches the impression of the clavicle to the costal cartilage of the first rib

A

Costoclavicular ligament

29
Q

This ligament attaches from the sternal end of the clavicle on top of the manubrium and across to the sternal end of the other clavicle

A

Interclavicular ligament

30
Q

The supraglenoid tubercle is the attachment for the long head of the

A

biceps

31
Q

The infraglenoid tubercle is the attachment for the long head of the

A

triceps

32
Q

The scapula has 1 primary ossification center for the ___; it has secondary centers: 2 for ____, 2 for ____, 1 for the ___angle, 1 for the ___border, and 1 for the ___fossa

A

body; acromion process, corocoid process, inferior angle, medial border, glenoid fossa

33
Q

The primary ossification center for the humerus is ___; the 7 secondary ossification centers are for the ___, ____, _____, _____, _____, _____, ______

A

body; head, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle, capitulum, trochlea

34
Q

This is a ball-and-socket joint that allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, medial rotation of the shoulder, and lateral rotation of the shoulder

A

Glenohumeral joint

35
Q

There are 3 ligaments of the glenohumeral joint:

A

Coracohumeral ligament, transverse humeral ligament, coracoacromial ligament

36
Q

The ____ attaches at the coracoid process of the scapula and the greater tubercle of the humerus

A

coracohumeral ligament

37
Q

The ____ attaches from the greater to lesser tubercle of the humerus, on top of the long head tendon

A

transverse humeral ligament

38
Q

The ____ attaches from the acromion process of the scapula to the coracoid process of the scapula

A

Coracoacromial ligament

39
Q

These ligaments reinforce the anterior part of the joint capsule and attach from the edge of the glenoid fossa to the anatomical neck of the humerus

A

Glenohumeral ligaments

40
Q

The head of the radius is on the ____end of the wrist, whereas the head of the ulna is at the ____end of the wrist

A

proximal; distal

41
Q

This joint is a hinge synovial joint between the capitulum of the humerus and fovea of the radial head, and the trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna; it allows extension and flexion

A

Elbow joint

42
Q

The elbow joint has 2 ligaments; the first is between the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and the anular ligament of the radius, called the ____; the second is between the medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid and olecranon process of the ulna, called the ___

A

radial collateral ligament; ulnar collateral ligament

43
Q

This is a pivot synovial joint between the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna which allows supination and pronation

A

Proximal radio-ulnar joint

44
Q

This is a fibrous joint between the interosseous borders of the radius and ulna; it also allows supination and pronation

A

Radio-ulnar syndesmosis

45
Q

This a pivot synovial joint between the head of the ulna and the ulnar notch of the radius, and allows supination and pronation

A

Distal radio-ulnar joint

46
Q

The primary center of ossification for the ulna is for the___, and the two secondary centers are for the ___ and ____

A

body; end of the olecranon process and head

47
Q

The primary center of ossification for the radius is for the ____, and the two secondary centers are for the ____ and ____

A

body; head and distal end

48
Q

The bones of the wrist are called the carpals; starting from bottom lateral the carpals in order are

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrem, pisiform, (lateral proximal)

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate (lateral distal)

49
Q

This is a condyloid synovial joint between the distal end of the radius and the scaphoid and lunate; movement at this joint includes flexion and extension, abduction and adduction (also known as radial deviation and ulnar deviation), and circumduction. THERE IS NO ROTATION

A

Radiocarpal joint

50
Q

Present on the posterior wrist, this prevents bowing out of the extensor muscle tendons

A

Extensor retinaculum

51
Q

This ligament is on the proximal wrist on the flexor side

A

Palmar carpal ligament

52
Q

This forms the roof of the carpal tunnel at the base of the hand and also prevents bowing of the flexor muscle tendons

A

Flexor retinaculum

53
Q

What runs through the carpal tunnel? (4)

A

Median n., tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus, tendon of flexor pollicis longus

54
Q

The radial and ulnar collateral ligaments are present at both the ___ and ___ joints

A

Elbow and wrist

55
Q

These joints are plane synovial joints between the carpal bones that allow slight gliding during wrist movements

A

Intercarpal joints

56
Q

These joints are between the proximal and distal rows of the carpals and allow gliding with wrist movements

A

Midcarpal joints

57
Q

These are plane synovial joints in digits 2-5 between the distal row of carpal bones and the bases of the metacarpals

A

Carpometacarpal joints

58
Q

This is a saddle synovial joint in digit 1 between the carpals and the first metacarpal

A

Carpometacarpal joint

59
Q

The CMC joint of digit one allows ___ movement

A

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and opposition

60
Q

The CMC joint of digits 2 and 3 allows ____ movement

A

no real movement

61
Q

The CMC joint of digits 4 and 5 allows ___ movement

A

slight gliding with opposition and reposition

62
Q

These are plane synovial joints between the bases of the metacarpals, allowing slight gliding between the 1st and 2nd metacarpals and the 4th and 5th, but not a lot of movement between the others

A

Intermetacarpal joints

63
Q

These are condyloid synovial joints between the heads of metacarpals and bases of proximal phalanges, allowing flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, and circumduction

A

Metacarpophalangeal joints

64
Q

These are hinge synovial joints between the base of 1 phalanx and the head of the inferior phalanx and allow only flexion and extension

A

Interphalangeal joints

65
Q

Each carpal ossifies from __ center; each metacarpal ossifies from ___ centers; each phalanx ossifies from ___ centers

A

one; two; two

66
Q

For the metacarpals, the primary center is for each metacarpal body and the secondary centers are for each ___ in digits 2-5 and for the ___ in digit 1

A

metacarpal head; metacarpal base

67
Q

For the phalanges, the primary center is for each phalanx body, and the secondary center is for each phalanx ___

A

base

Anatomy Exam 1 (15 decks)

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