Circulation Flashcards
Describe pulmonary circulation
How are the pulmonary and systemic circulations connected?
In series
Pulmonary arteries carry…
Pulmonary veins carry…
How far do the pulmonary arteries “travel” with the airways?
They travel as far as the terminal bronchioles.
Where do pulmonary capillaries form a dense network?
In the alveolar septa (walls)
What is the function of bronchial arteries?
Supply bronchial tissues with nutrients and oxygen to support their function. Contribute to warming of the air flowing through the bronchi.
The pulmonary and system circulations carry the same… at any one time.
flow (cardiac output)
How do arterial walls of the pulmonary arteries compare to those of the systemic arteries?
They are much thinner, less muscular, so their diameter changes in response to surrounding pressures; pulmonary arterial pressures are relatively low.
What is resistance?
Impedance to flow, the “energy cost” for flow
What is the pulmonary vascular resistance? (PVR)
“Energy cost” for flow in the pulmonary vasculature from the pulmonary artery to the left atrium.
How do the walls of the right ventricle compare to those of the left ventricle of the heart? Why?
The walls of the right ventricle are less muscular than those of the left ventricle because the pulmonary circulation is a relatively low pressure system.
How does the resistance of the pulmonary circulation compare to that of the systemic circulation?
The resistance in the pulmonary circulation system is much lower.
What determines the PVR?
cardiac output
What is the transmural pressure?
Pressure difference between the inside and outside of a vessel
What is the transmural pressure like in the pulmonary vasculature? How does it compare to the systemic vasculature?