CI - Nitrogen Chemistry Flashcards
whta type of bond does nitrogen form?
a triple covealent bond
**N*N **
*
*
*
*
*
*
what does this triple bond do for nitrogen?
it has a very large bond enthalpy
this meand it required alot of energy to break
means most N2 reactions have high Ea
N(triple bond)N - ∆H = +945 kjmol1
what is an example of a nitrogen reaction?
the harbour process
* 450˚c
* 200 atm
* iron catalyst
N2 + 3H2 —> 2NH3
what are the properties of ammonia?
it is a nitrogen hydride (NH3)
it has a lone pair which is able to form a dative covalent bond
this expalins why its able to act as a base and accept the H+ to form NH4+
once formed all bonds are equivalent
what are the 3 nitrogen oxides?
NO - nitrogen oxide (colourless gas)
NO2 - nitrogen dioxide (brown gas)
N2O - dinitrogen oxide (colourless gas)
how do you test for nitrate(V) ions?
- add sodium hydroxide and devardas alloy
- gently heat
- if nitrates present ammonia gass is produced
- test gas with damp red litmus - turns blue if present
how do you test for ammonium ions?
- add sodium hydroxide solution
- gently heat
- if ammonium ions present ammonia gas is produced
- ammonia will cause damp red litmus paper to turn blue
what is the structure of nitrate(III) ions?
bent - 104.5˚
what is the dtructure of nitrate (V) ions?
trioganal planar - 120˚
