Chronic Vision Loss Flashcards
What is the Triad of Glaucoma?
ELevated IOP
Optic nerve damage
Visual field loss
What are the types of Glaucoma?
Primary open angle Glaucoma
Angle closure
Congenital
Secondary
What are the char of Primary open angle Glaucoma?
2/3 of cases
Familial
Bilateral
>50yo, FH, Af Am, Myopic
What is the Medical Tx of Glaucoma?
BB, Adrenergic, Cholinergic
Carbonic Anhydrase Inh, Prostaglandins
What is the Surgical Tx of Glaucoma?
Laser Trabeculoplasty
Filtering Surgery
Cyclodestructive Surgery of Ciliary Body
Placement of Aq drainage device
What is Charo of Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma?
Acute Severe pain Dilated fixed pupil Blurred vision Haloes around lights Headache N/V
What are the Precipitating Factors of Acute Angle closure glaucoma?
Phys/Emotional Stress
Natural Dilation of pupil
Dilating Drops
Sympathomimetic Drugs
What is the initial Tx of Acute Glaucoma?
Pilocarpine
Acetozolamide
Oral Glycerine or Isosorbide
IV mannitol
When should someone be referred for glaucoma?
IOP> 21 IOP not elevated by diff of >5mmHg C/D >.5 C/D diff of >.2 Symptoms of Acute Glaucoma
WHat is Charicteristic of Cataracts?
Slight blur at first
Increased Myopia
Monocular Diplopia, starbursts
Dec colors, Browner, yellowed, duller
When should a Pt with catarats be referred?
Dec vision interfres with DAL
Pt wants surgery
What are the complications of Cataracts surgery?
Early- Hemorrhage, infection
Late: Corneal, retinal prob, retinal detachment
What are the Types of AR Macular Regeneration?
Atrophic- Gradual, drusen
Exudative- sudden loss of vision
Subretinal Neovasc
Accumulation of Fluid and blood
What are the Symptoms of ARMD?
Early: difficulty reading
Stright lines => crooked
Adv: Central blind spot
Peripheral vision stays good
What are the risk factors for Macular degeneration?
Age, smoking, hyperopia, blue eyes, FH
