Chronic Venous Insufficiency Flashcards
1
Q
Description:
A
Refers to functional changes that may occur in the lower extremities due to persistent elevation of venous pressures
2
Q
Aetiology/Risk Factors
A
- Female
- Age
- Smoking
- Family history
- DVT
- Occupation - standing for long periods of time
3
Q
Pathology:
A
- Blood wants to travel downwards due to the effects of gravity however blood needs to get upwards from the lower limbs back to the heart: Assisted by valves and calf muscle pump
- Causes of valvular failure are: Surgical/traumatic disruption DVT Hormonal changes in pregnancy Large pelvic tumour
4
Q
Symptoms:
A
- Ulceration
- Burning
- Itching
- Tightness
- Heaviness
- Eczema
- Swelling
5
Q
Signs:
A
C0: no signs C1: reticular veins C2: varicose veins C3: oedema C4a: eczema / pigmentation C4b: lipodermatosclerosis C5: healed ulcer C6: active ulcer
6
Q
Investigations:
A
History Examination ABPI (EXCLUDE arterial disease) Tap test Trendelenburg test Doppler ultrasound Duplex ultrasound
7
Q
Treatment:
A
Compression stockings Elevation Wound care Endovenous laser therapy Radio-frequency ablation Foam sclerotherapy Open surgery
