Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Flashcards
1
Q
What causes CML?
A
Philadelphia chromosome
2
Q
What is the philadelphia chromosome?
A
BCR-ABL gene translocation
3
Q
Pathology of CML?
A
Leukaemic cells still proliferate but are able to differentiate into their product cells
BONE MARROW DOES NOT FAIL
4
Q
Typical presentation?
A
“74 y/o man presents with 2 month history of fever, malaise and weight loss. He’s been having frequent nose bleeds and early satiety. O/e he has massive splenomegaly. “
5
Q
Symptoms?
A
Fever
Malaise
Weight loss
Gout
6
Q
What causes gout in CML?
A
Increased cell turnover -> release of uric acid
7
Q
Investigations?
A
FBC
- Very high WCC
- Rest can be normal or thrombocytosis/thrombocytopenia
Blood smear
Bone marrow biopsy
8
Q
Treatment
A
Observation
Pharma
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
If fails
- Chemotherapy
- HSCT
9
Q
Example of tyrosine kinase inhibitor?
A
Imatinib
