Chronic Inflammation Flashcards
Causes of chronic inflammation
Arising from acute inflammation - follows on, large volume of damage, inability to remove debris, fails to resolve
Acting as primary lesion - only see chronic changes
Cell types involved in chronic inflammation
Lymphocytes (B/T cells)
Plasma cells (differentiated B cell - antibody production)
Macrophages
Fibroblasts (make and assemble structural proteins)
NK cells
B cell mechanisms
Differentiate to plasma cells (antibodies)
Facilitate immune response
Act with macrophages (antigen presenting)
Immune memory
T cell mechanisms
Produce CYTOKINES
Attract, hold and activate macrophages
Permeability
Produce INTERFERONS
Antiviral effects
Attract and stimulate other cells
Tissue components of chronic inflammation
Granulation tissue
Collagen
Effects of chronic inflammation
Autoimmune disease Exogenous substances Endogenous substances Material resistance to digestion Granulation inflammation Necrosis Loss of function Malaise Weight loss
Exo- and endogenous substances
Sutures, metal and plastic
Necrotic tissue, keratin, hair
Role of angiogenesis in healing and repair
New vessels formed
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) released by hypoxic cells to stimulate proliferation
Enzyme secretion
Enables blood supply to enter damaged tissue
Factors that impair healing and repair
Dirty gaping wound Large haematoma Poorly nourished Abnormal CHO metabolism Diabetes Corticosteroid therapy Inhibition of angiogenesis
Fibroblasts
Produce collagens
