Acute Inflammation

Question 1

Causes of acute inflammation

Answer 1

Microorganisms
Hypersensitivity
Chemical changes
Mechanical trauma to tissue
Dead tissue
Extreme physical conditions

Question 2

Benefits of acute inflammation

Answer 2

Rapid response to non-specific insult
Cardinal signs and loss of function (protection of site)
Neutrophils destroy pathogens and denature antigens for macrophages
Plasma proteins localise process
Resolution and return to normal

Question 3

Sequence of microvascular change

Answer 3

Change in vessel radius/flow
Change in vessel permeability
Movement of neutrophils from the vessels to the extracellular space

Question 4

Exudate formation

Answer 4

Oedema is former

Swelling causes pain and reduces function

Question 5

Oedema

Answer 5

An accumulation of fluid in the extravascular space

Question 6

Systemic effects of acute inflammation

Answer 6

Pyrexia
Malaise
Neutrophils
Septic shock

Question 7

Complications of acute inflammation

Answer 7

Granulation tissue
Healing and repair
Scar formation

Question 8

Mediators of acute inflammation

Answer 8

Molecules on endothelial cell surface membrane
Molecules released from cells
Molecules in the plasma

Question 9

Results of systemic infection (acute inflammation)

Answer 9

Spread to bloodstream (sepsis)
Bacteraemia
Septicaemia
Toxaemia