Chronic disease screening Flashcards
Who should be screened for diabetes?
How often?
High risk how often?
- 40 or older screen every 3 years
- If any risk factors screen every 6-12 months
What are the five risk factors associated with diabetes?
- Family history of first degree relative with T2DM
- History gestational DM or prediabetes
- CVS
- End organ damage
- Conditions or meds associated with DM (statins, antipsychotics, steroids, PCOS, pancreatitis, gout, HIV, and cystic fibrosis)
What are the A1C values for prediabetic?
A1C 6-6.4
What BGL indicates impaired fasting glucose?
FPG 6.1-6.9
What are lab values for diagnosing diabetes?
How many needed for diagnosis?
- FPG 7 or higher
- A1C 6.5 or higher
- If asymptomatic need both tests high, if only one need to repeat subsequently to confirm (if asymptomatic!)
- If symptomatic need only one
Metabolic syndrome
Need 3 of 5 criteria:
- Waist: 102 males, 88 females
- Triglycerides 1.7 or higher
- HDL: less than 1.0 males, less than 1.3 females
- FPG: 5.6 or higher
- BP: SBP 130 or higher, DBP 85 or higher (or on HTN meds)
BP target in DM
- less than 130/80
- 130/80 or higher = HTN diagnosis
What are the 6 CKD risk factors?
How often do you screen?
- diabetes
- hypertension
- cardiovascular disease
- family history
- high risk ethnicity (Indigenous peoples, Pacific Islanders, African, Asian, and South Asian descent),
- history of acute kidney injury (AKI)
- Screen every 1-2 yrs
What lab value diagnoses CKD?
-eGFR <60 x3 months
What are the 3 symptoms and 1 risk associated with COPD?
What is the diagnostic lab value for COPD?
- dyspnea
- chronic cough/sputum production
- recurrent LRTI
- Hx of exposure
- Diagnosis requires post bronchodilaor FEV1/FVC of < 0.70
What are the objective criteria for asthma diagnosis?
-FEV1 increases by >200ml and >12% of baseline post bronchodilator
Asthma control
- Daytime sx more than twice weekly
- Night waking due to asthma
- SABA needed more than twice weekly
- Any activity limitation due to asthma
