Chronic Complx

Question 1

explain chronic complications

Answer 1

• can’t be reversed
• gradual onset (-15 yrs after DM diagnosis)
• can’t prevent, but can delay

Question 2

what do metabolic changes do?

Answer 2

breakdown of protein and lipids d/t inability to use glucose for E leads to vascular damage, which is the root cause of all chronic complx

Question 3

complications are?

Answer 3

microvascular - retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy

macrovascular - CAD, MI, CVA, PVD

infections

Question 4

vascular damage: when is it considered microvascular?

Answer 4

if capillaries are damaged

Question 5

vascular damage: when is it considered macrovascular?

Answer 5

if arteries are damaged

Question 6

what 4 things occur in vascular damage?

Answer 6

1. altered metabolism
2. glycosylated proteins
3. poor healing d/t damaged vessels
4. anaerobic bacteria –> thrive in areas of low O2

Question 7

vascular damage: altered metabolism

Answer 7

mobilized lipids and proteins –> byproducts –> hyperlipidemia –> accumulation of abn metabolites causes damage

Question 8

vascular damage: poor healing d/t damaged vessels

Answer 8

• harder to deliver defense cells and O2 for repair

- harder to remove waste products from site of injury

Question 9

vascular damage: anaerobic bacteria

Answer 9

• with damaged vessels, perfusion is impaired which creates perf environment for proliferation of anaerobic bacteria
• leads to higher rate of infections