Chronic arterial insufficiency, Chronic venous insufficiency, Compartment syndrome Flashcards
what are the essentials of diagnosis for chronic venous insufficiency
- Hx prior DVT
- Edema (brawny) skin hyperpigmentation
- venous ulcers at or above medial ankle
what is the cause of chronic venous insufficiency
- prior DVT
- hx Truama/surgery in legs
what is the presentation of chronic venous insufficiency
- progressive LE pitting edema
- itching and dull discomfort worse with standing
- medial ankle ulcers
- taut, shiny, brownish skin pigmentation
what are the diagnostics used for chronic venous insufficiency
- clinical diagnosis unless obstruction is suspected
- duplex US to R/O obstruction
what is the management plan for chronic venous insufficiency
- compression stockings
- wound care education
what is the MC location for compartment syndrome
calf
what are the s/s of compartment syndrome
- 6 Ps
what is the diagnostic modality for compartment syndrome
clinical but use measurements of compartment pressures.
a difference of diastolic BP and compartment pressure by 30mmHg is suggestive
what is the treatment for compartment syndrome
- remove all dressings/anything causing increased pressure
- fasciotomy
what is the MC site for peripheral arterial disease
femoral and popliteal arteries
what is the symtpoms of peripheral arterial disease
- some asmptomatic
- atypical leg pain (better w hanging foot off the bed)
- critical limb ischemia
- claudication (occurs during exercise and better with rest)
what are the classic physical exam findings for peripheral arterial disease
- decreased/absent pulses distal to obstruction
- distal hairloss
- calf atrophy
- ulcerations
- cool/cold skin
what is the best screening tool for PAD
ankle brachial index
what are interpretations of ABI values
when is toe brachial index indicated over ABI
when ABI>1.40
