Cardio extra

Question 1

what is the presentation of superior vena cava syndrome

Answer 1

plethora, cough, chest pain, nausea, vision changes.

Question 2

when is superior vena cava syndrome most commonly seen

Answer 2

with a malignant process to the chest/lungs

Question 3

at what point is oxygen indicated in a patient who is having a STEMI

Answer 3

<90%

Question 4

what is the pathophsiology behind supraventricular tachycardia

Answer 4

reentry of electrical circuit through the AV node

Question 5

what is the pathophysiology behind diffuse ST segment elevation on an EKG in a patient with pericarditis

Answer 5

inflammation of the pericardial sac that causes abnormal ventricular repolarization

Question 6

what is the pathophysiology behind atrial fibrillation

Answer 6

multifocal unsynchronized electrical impulses of the atria

Question 7

what is the treatment for stable SVT and AVNRT

Answer 7

• vagal maneuvers 1st line
• IV adenosine + BB or CCB if vagal doesnt work

Question 8

what are the three spots used for central venous access

Answer 8

• subclavian (lowest infection rate)
• internal jugular (medium infection rate)
• femoral (highest infection rate)

Question 9

what are indications for using femoral vein for central venous access

Answer 9

• patient is undergoing CPR
• anatomy is compromised in other locations

Question 10

which central venous access site has potential for pneumothorax

Answer 10

subclavian

Question 11

what are the signs/symptoms of cardiac tamponade

Answer 11

Becks triad: hypotension, jugular venous distension, muffled heart sounds

Question 13

when is cardioversion indicated as a treatment for atrial fibriillation

Answer 13

• symptomatic
• not responding to medication

Question 14

what is the treatment of mastitis with MRSA

Answer 14

clinda or bactrim

dont use bactrim if breast feeding an infant under 1 month