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Christian teachings Flashcards

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1
Q

Characteristics of God

A

Omnipotent
Transcendent - beyond understanding
Benevolent
Immanent - close to us
Omniscient
Eternal - lives forever
Trinity
Just

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2
Q

The first part of exodus

A

God sends 10 plagues against the Egyptians who had been enslaving Israelites
And performs miracles in order to help them cross the Red Sea

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3
Q

How is God shown as omnipotent in story of exodus?

A

He sends 10 plagues which defy the rules of nature = all powerful

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4
Q

How is god shown as just in the story of exodus?

A

The plagues are acts of divine justice against the worst oppressor in the Bible
The 10th plague kills the first born sons of Israelite families in retaliation for killing Israelite sons

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5
Q

How is god shown as all loving in the story of exodus?

A

He offers a substitute to paint the doorframes of the Israelite house with lamb blood to be protected from the plague

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6
Q

Parable of the Prodigal son

A

A father welcomes back and celebrates the return of his youngest son who had wasted all his money on ‘riotous living’
And still does not condemn him but still shows unconditional love

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7
Q

What does the parable of the Prodigal son show about God?

A

That he is the father who has unconditional love for all, the non righteous and righteous
He is benevolent and forgiving

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8
Q

How is God shown as all knowing?

A

“God is greater than our heart, and He knows everything.“ - John

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9
Q

How is God shown as omnipresent?

A

Bible:
“The Lord looks down from heaven; he sees all the children of man”

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10
Q

Story of creation in Genesis

A

Day 1 and 2 = heavens, Earth (only water) light and sky
Day 3 = dry land and plants on Earth
Day 4 = sun, moon, planets, stars
Day 5 = sea and flying creatures
Day 6 = land creatures and humans
Day 7 = rest

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11
Q

What does God do to creation and what does it show?

A

He blesses us
Showing at this point humanity has an intimate relationship with God

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12
Q

What was the Holy spirits role in creation?

A

‘The spirit of god was hovering over the waters’
God was able to make the Earth through the Holy Spirit as the Holy Spirit is his ‘breath’ - featured in a Psalm

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13
Q

What was Jesus’s role in creation

A

Mentioned in John:
“In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God…Through him all things were made.“
Before Jesus was incarnate he was ‘word’

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14
Q

Beliefs about the creation of humans

A

God created us in the image of God
We were made to rule the earth
We have to increase population
Every animal is food for us

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15
Q

Where does it say humans are made in the image of God?

A

‘So god created mankind in his own image. In his own image he created them’

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16
Q

What does it mean we are made in the image of God?

A

We have the same characteristics of God eg loving
But also we have the power to rule over the world like God rules over us

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17
Q

Dominion

A

Because we are made in the image of God,
We have the responsibility to use earth and it’s resources as we like

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18
Q

Arguments in favour of dominion

A

We are made in image of god = we can be rulers
Every thing that moves will be food for you = we can use earths resources

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19
Q

Steward ship

A

Humanity should take care of the Earth and look after it

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20
Q

Arguments in favour of stewardship

A

“The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it.”
It’s god creation not ours

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21
Q

Interpretations of Creation story

A

Literal
Inspirational
Metaphorical

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22
Q

Literal interpretation of the creation story meaning

A

Because the Bible is the literal word of god
All the events that happened eg god created the world in 7 days, Adam and Eve created were real events that happened
Believed by creationists

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23
Q

Creationists

A

People who believe the events of the Bible happened exactly as stated
A literal interpretation

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24
Q

Inspirational interpretation of the creation story meaning

A

The Bible is inspired by God written by humans, who make errors in translation
So not everything is 100% accurate

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25
Q

Metaphorical interpretation of the creation story meaning

A

The events are simply metaphors/ symbols for what actually happened
Eg you can accept scientific ideas like the Big Bang is what created the skies/planets/ heaven etc which was caused by God
Believed by deists or evolutionary theists

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26
Q

Nicene creed

A

The Creed that states the relationship between God, Jesus and the Holy Spirit = the trinity
Showing that they are all God but also make up God

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27
Q

What does the Nicene creed say about God the father?

A

“We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty, maker of heaven and earth”
Therefore god is an all powerful creator

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28
Q

What does the Nicene creed say about god the son?

A

“We believe in one Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, the begotten of God the Father, the Only-begotten, that is of the substance of the Father.”
Therefore Jesus was incarnated from God but always existed as the word

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29
Q

What does the Nicene creed say about the Holy Spirit?

A

”The giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son… who has spoken through the prophets”
Therefore the Holy Spirit is the human connection with God and how he is omnipresent
It enables us to live a righteous life

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30
Q

jesus as a messiah meaning

A

When Adam and Eve ate the apple/sinned they introduced evil into the world
And a saviour/king was promised by Abraham to defeat evil but left us
Jesus was that king but he will return again to finally defeat evil

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31
Q

Definition of messiah

A

A leader that will be the saviour of a group of people

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32
Q

The life of Jesus: The word

A

Prior to his incarnation Jesus was with God as ‘The Word’ stated in John.

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33
Q

What does John tell us about Jesus as the word?

A

Both God the father and son (Jesus) was present at creation
‘He is light of the world in darkness’ = he is the messiah
God gave humans grace by sending Jesus
Was made incarnate and lived amongst humans

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34
Q

Quote from John which shows Jesus was present at creation

A

‘The word was with god and the word was God. He was with God in the beginning’

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35
Q

Quote from John that shows Jesus was the goodness/ perfect in the world (evil)

A

In him was life and that life was the light of all mankind in the darkness

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36
Q

Quote showing God sent Jesus to help humanity defeat evil as unmerited mercy (Messiah) in John

A

‘Who came from the father, full of Grace’
Grace = unmerited mercy

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37
Q

Quote showing Jesus became incarnate in John

A

‘The word became flesh and made his dwelling among us’

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38
Q

The annunciation

A

Gabriel comes to tell Mary she will have the son of God despite being a virgin
Joseph was gonna divorce her but then another Angel told him it was all good

39
Q

Beliefs from the annunciation

A

God is all powerful and can bend rules of nature (virgin birth)
Jesus is the descendent or David that was promised to defeat evil
He will offer salvation from sins

40
Q

Incarnation/birth of jesus

A

Mary gave birth in a manger
Angels alerted nearby shepherds who went to see it
The Magi followed a star to the stable and gave gifts

41
Q

Beliefs from the incarnation/ birth

A

Mary was special/ the immaculate conception:
She has the title mother of God
Conceived free from original sin
She remained a virgin/pure
God picked people based on devotion not social status

42
Q

Jesus’s baptism

A

By John the Baptist In Al-Maghtas
Holy Spirit came down
god the father’s voice said he was pleased
Heavens gate opened

43
Q

Beliefs about the Baptism

A

Jesus saw himself as an equal to all
Jesus recognises human’s original sin, if committed to him they will be repented
God approves of Baptism

44
Q

How does the Baptism show that Jesus views himself as equal?

A

John hesitated to baptise him as he realised Jesus was the son of god thus holier than him
But Jesus told him it was the right thing to do

45
Q

The Baptism = Jesus recognises humans must be baptised in repentance for original sin

A

it is proper for us to do this to fulfil all righteousness.’ - Jesus

46
Q

How does the Baptism show God supports Baptism for others?

A

God the Father says he is ‘pleased’
Heaven is opened showing the possibility of heaven is open, if you repent from original sin

47
Q

The devil tempting Jesus

A

Jesus is fasting in a desert
Satan tempts him to turn stone to bread and jump off a temple to prove he’s son of god
He tells him to worship him and he can rule over the world
Jesus says go away

48
Q

Beliefs about Jesus’s temptation

A

Sin is the easy way but not the right way
There are better rewards for remaining loyal to god
Human strength can overcome evil
God will always look out for you

49
Q

Quotes from the temptation on how There are better rewards for remaining loyal to god than to give into sin

A

‘Ángels came and attended him’ = you will be looked after by God if you stick to him, the best reward

50
Q

During the temptation how is it shown that humans can overcome sin?

A

Because Jesus is fully human
So it’s possible for us to follow in his steps and accept the word of God over sin

51
Q

Miracles Jesus made

A

He fed the 5000 only out of a bit of food
He calmed the river him and disciples were on
He resurrected Lazarus
He healed people

52
Q

What do Jesus miracles show?

A

Jesus had God’s powers because he’s fully God
Jesus showed compassion and helped those who were ignored
Could ‘foreshadow heaven’ = was able to make things perfect on earth even though there was sin and evil.
We should follow in his footsteps and help others

53
Q

The sermon on the Mount

A

Jesus goes to a mountain with disciples and begins preaching about who is blessed
But also foreshadows some may be persecuted for following him

54
Q

What does the sermon on the mountain show about Jesus?

A

He cares for everyone and wants everyone to go to heaven
He blesses all those struggling: poor, grieving etc
But also blesses righteousness
Jesus show death isn’t the end of you follow his instructions

55
Q

Quote from sermon on mount showing how if you follow his word despite what other people say you can live eternal life

A

Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

56
Q

The Last Supper

A

Jesus knew he was going to die so had a last Passover meal with him
He revealed he knew one disciple would betray him

57
Q

Beliefs about the Last Supper

A

Transubstantiation (Catholics) because Jesus gave bread and wine which was his body and blood
He cleaned their feet
He told them he was leaving to go to heaven and they can’t follow him

58
Q

What can we learn from the last supper?

A

Jesus knew his followers faith would be tested
The practise of the Eucharist
Example of love and service
We must love one another

59
Q

Why did Jesus know his followers’ faith would be tested?

A

Because he knows Simon Peter will deny him 3 times before tomorrow morning

60
Q

Jesus’s arrest

A

Jesus considered himself messiah of jews, Roman authorities saw it as a threat to power
Judas identified by kissing him
Saint Peter cut off soldiers ear but Jesus healed it
Pilate was pressured into finding him guilty

61
Q

What can be learnt from Jesus’s arrest?

A

He didn’t want to harm the soldiers despite their cruelty = shows forgiveness
Jesus’s trial was unfair

62
Q

Jesus’s crucifixion

A

He was mocked to wear a thorn crown by romans
They insulted him and whipped him
He cried out to god why did he forsake him?
Atonement

63
Q

What type of burial did Jesus have?

A

A Jewish one
Wrapped in linen and put in a tomb

64
Q

Jesus’s resurrection

A

3 women went to visit him but had visions of an Angel who said he’s alive
12 disciples didn’t believe
Jesus started talking to 2 other guys who realised it was him and went to tell the disciples

65
Q

What does Jesus’s resurrection teach us?

A

Those who believed in him but didn’t see him are blessed
Jesus overcame death which was impossible if you weren’t the son of god
Jesus was ‘delivered to the hands of sinners’ aka died for humanity’s sins

66
Q

Jesus ascension

A

40 days after crucifixion he went up back to glory heaven
The apostles stood staring at him

67
Q

What does Jesus ascension tell us?

A

He is waiting in heaven for us
Only god knows about the end of time and when he will return
We should spread Jesus word like the apostles
We will receive heavenly powers when Holy Spirit comes on us and we die

68
Q

Quote that shows Christian’s should evangelise

A

“And you will be my witnesses, telling people about me everywhere—in Jerusalem, throughout Judea, in Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.“

69
Q

Original sin

A

Following the fall of mankind where humanity disobeyed god
We now have the tendency to sin

70
Q

What does original sin mean for humans?

A

The bridge between mankind and god has been broken meaning eternal punishment after death

71
Q

How did god help us after original sin and why?

A

Because he is just he offered us the change for salvation
By offering Jesus as our sacrifice/ atonement for sin

72
Q

Jesus’s atonement

A

During his crucifixion, all of humanity’s sins were put on Jesus so when he died he mended our relationship with god

73
Q

Salvation

A

The possibility to go to heaven after mending our relationship with God

74
Q

Most important part of Jesus’s life?

A

His crucifixion:
Offered us salvation (atonement)
Reconciliation between God and humanity

75
Q

What are possible ways of reaching salvation?

A

Salvation through good deeds
Salvation through grace
Salvation through spirit

76
Q

Salvation through good deeds

A

A person can achieve salvation through carrying out good deeds

77
Q

Salvation through spirit

A

God recognises that even if we sin, we will turn to god in repentance thus are deserving of salvation
The idea of Catholic confession

78
Q

Salvation through grace

A

Simply believing in Jesus is enough as god has unconditional love for everyone
Don’t need to earn it

79
Q

Why do some Christian’s say you only need salvation through grace?

A

Ephesians:
“For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith … it is the gift of God.”

80
Q

The soul

A

The spiritual part of you separate from physical body
Lives on into afterlife

81
Q

Immortality or soul

A

Idea that the soul lives on into the afterlife

82
Q

Why do Christian’s believe in the soul?

A

Because God ‘breathed life’ into Adam

83
Q

What do Christian’s believe about afterlife

A

It is a gift from god for salvation from eternal damnation as a reward for the righteous
OR
a punishment for the unrighteous

84
Q

Day of judgement

A

The day the world ends, Jesus comes back and he decides who goes to heaven and hell

85
Q

Where is judgement illustrated in?

A

The Parable of the Sheep and Goats

86
Q

Parable of sheep and goats for going to heaven

A

Good sheep = “you who are blessed by my Father; take your inheritance, the kingdom prepared for you since the creation of the world.’
Aka those righteous

87
Q

Parable of sheep and goats for goats

A

“Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.”

88
Q

Jesus’s 2nd coming

A

When he will return and everyone ever who has died will be resurrected then judged

89
Q

Protestant views on Jesus’s 2nd coming

A

declaration of the Mystery of Faith: Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again.

90
Q

When are we judged?

A

Some believe we will wait until day of judgement
Some immediately after we die then again on the day of judgement = God is forgiving

91
Q

Depictions of heaven

A

A mental state of happiness
And actual place with good things
Realise God’s presence

92
Q

Purgatory

A

Catholic beliefs that souls go here before being purified then going to heaven

93
Q

Depictions of hell

A

A fiery lake of burning sulfur
Eternal punishment
Or not necessarily literal:
State of mind without God
Obliteration
Chance to repay sins

94
Q

Quote about heaven

A

He will wipe away every tear from their eyes, and death shall be no more, neither shall there be mourning, nor crying, nor pain anymore, for the former things have passed away.

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