Chpt.37 Sect.1 Flashcards
Early 1900s tensions
France jealous of Germany’s industrialization
GB disliking Germany’s navy
Russia involving with Slavic ppls in Austria-Hungry
Why tensions between two countries can result in war
Countries built up armed forces
Many alliances formed
Promising to help others if attacked
All that’s needed is spark
Spark for WWI
Archduke Franz Ferdinand’s assassination
Facts bout Archduke’s assassination
Sarajevo, Austria-Hungry
June 1914
Teenager named Gavrilo Princip shooting him
Heir to Austrian throne
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Princip belonged to what group and explanation
Black Hand
Secret nationalist group wanting Serbia to rule Serbs in Austria-Hungry
Call up for troops
Mobilize
What happened after archduke’s death
AH declared war in Serbia Russia aided Serbia Germany declared war on Russia France and GB entered war Japan, Italy, China later entered Ottoman Empire then Bulgaria joined Germany and AH
Central Powers
Germany
Austria-Hungry
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
Allied Powers
Russia Serbia France GB Japan Italy China
Synonym for WWI
Great War
Ppl who aren’t soldiers
Civilians
What’s special about WWI
First war where civilians attacked
of countries in WWI
31
of soldiers participating in WWI
65 million
Location of most fighting in WWI
Europe
Middle East
Africa
Global naval warfare
Speed of machine guns
75 miles/120 km
Tactics used in WWI
Machine guns Airplanes Bombs Submarines Poison gases Tanks Flame throwers
Area where most fighting took place
Zone between France and Germany
Western Front
Opposing forces attack from system of trenches
Trench warfare
Mounted gun
Artillery
Russia general war facts
3.8 million soldiers/1st 10 months lost for Russia
Withdrew after 2 revs in 1918
Signed treaty with Germany
Russian treaty with Germany details
Peace treaty
Recognized Ukraine as independent country
Large areas of conquered land lost
1/3 of farmland, pop, resources of coal, iron, oil lost
1917/German subs
Sank American ships with civilians onboard
US declared war on Germany
US in war
2 million troops sent to Europe
Helped end war greatly
Nov.11/1918
Germany and allies signed armistice
War over
A stop in the fighting
Armistice
Casualty numbers in WWI
13 million soldiers
17 million civilians
20 million wounded soldiers
Billion dollars of damaged property
Fourteen Points
Peace plan drawn up by president of US at time Woodrow Wilson
Woodrow Wilson beliefs etc
National groups in Europe having right to create own countries
Wanted to reduce armaments
Wanted world association for keeping peace
Equipment for war
Armaments
British French and Italians wanting
Repayment for loses of war from those defeated
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty signed to end WWI
Put most of blame and financial repayment on Germany
Right to rule
Mandate
Country that stays out of affairs of other countries
Isolationist
German territories lost in Treaty of Versailles
Alsace and Lorraine(1870) returned to France
Eastern territory becoming part of reestablished Poland
African territories divided and France and Britain
Pacific colonies given to Japan
Russian territories lost under Treaty of Versailles
Poland Romania Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania
Newly established countries breaking off from Russia
Finland
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Which nations’ call for independence was ignored Treaty of Versailles
Ukraine (Russia)
India (GB)
Southwest Asia (France)
Troubles later developing
What happened to other central power (treaty)
Dealt with in other treaties
Austria-Hungary country divisions
Austria
Hungary
Czechoslovakia
Yugoslavia
France/Syria and Lebanon
France received mandate there
GB/Iraq and Palestine
GB received mandate there
Was Wilson’s plan followed through
Not really
Leave of Nations
Organization formed for world peace
Talk over countries troubles
Purpose to prevent future wars
Leagues fault
No army of own
Any countries disobeying couldn’t be forced to do so
US wasn’t part of
1919/US
Become isolationist country
