Chpt.12 (Spine) *NOT FINISHED* Flashcards
STARTED @ SLIDE 27
What are the 3 parts to the Erector spinae (sacrospinalis) ?
Spinalis, longissimus, & iliocostalis (the shorter one)
What is core muscle of the neck?
Longus colli
Where does the Cranial nerve 11 and C2 & C3 spinal nerves innervate?
Sternocleidomastoid muscles
Where does the C4 through C8 posterior lateral branches innervate?
Splenius muscles
Where does the Intercostal nerves: of T7 through T12
innervate?
Rectus abdominis
Where do Intercostal nerves (T8-T12) innervate?
Internal & external oblique abdominal muscles
The innervation of ext. obliques, int. obliqe and transverse abduction is:
T8-T12 intercostal nerves
- Iliohypogastric
- ilioinguinal
What is the OINA for Sternocleidomastoid ?
O: Clavicle + manubrium
I: Mastoid process
N: CN X1 + C2, C3
A:
UNILATERAL: SF (side flexion) to same side + rotate to opposite
BILATERAL: (both sides left and right): flex
What is Ipsilateral
same side
What is Contralateral
opposite side
What is the OINA for Splenius capitis muscle?
*usually doesnt ask for nerves that dont have a name
O: ligamentum nuchae: C7-T4, Spinous Process
I: Mastoid Process, Occipital bone
N: C4-C8
A:
UNILATERAL: Side flexion + rotation same side (ipsilateral)
BILATERAL: extension of neck
What is the OINA for Splenius cervicis muscle?
O: Spinous process T3-T7 I: Transverse process C1-C3 N: C4-C8 A: UNILATERAL: Side flexion + rotation same side (ipsilateral) BILATERAL: extension of neck
What are the 3 layers of the Erector Spinae Muscles?
- Iliocostalis (lateral layer)
- Longissimus(middle layer)
- Spinalis (medial layer)
What is the action for Erector Spinae Muscles?
Extension & lateral flexion of spine
What are the 4 muscles that make up the Abdominal Wall?
- Rectus abdominis
- External oblique abdominal
- Internal oblique abdominal
- Transverse abdominis
What is the OINA for Rectus Abdominis?
O: Crest of Pubis
I: Cartilage of 5-7th ribs and Xiphoid process
N: Intercostal nerve T7-T12
A: Flexion of trunk
What is the OINA of the EXTERNAL Oblique Abdominal?
O: lower 8 ribs I: anterior half of ilium, inguinal ligament, crest of pubis N: intercostal, iliohypergastrics, ilioinguial A: (to one side) UNILATERAL: SF (side flex), rotate to opp. side BILATERAL: flexion
What is the OINA for INTERNAL Oblique Abdominal?
O: inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 ilium, lumbar fascia I: Coastal Cartilage of 8-10 ribs + linea alba (white line=fascia, between abs) N:- intercostal T8-T12 -iliohypogastric -ilioinguinal A: UNILATERAL: SF(side flexion) BILATERAL: flex
What is the OINA for the Transversus Abdominis?
O: inguinal ligament, iliac crest, cartilages of lower 6 ribs, lumbar fascia
I: crest of pubis, linea alba
N: -iliocostal T8-T12
-iliohypogastric
-ilioinguinal
A: pulls umbilicus (belly button)towards spine
What is the OINA for Quadratus Lumborum ?
O: post iliac crest I: 12th rib, trans processes, L1-L4 N: T12 + L1 A: UNILATERAL: SF same side BILATERAL: stabilize spine
What is the ONLY muscle for Cervical flexion?
-Sternocleidomastoid
What is the ONLY muscle for Cervical Extension?
-Erector Spinae
What are the synergists for Lateral Flexion?
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Erector Spinae
What is the only muscle for Cervical Rotation?
-Sternocleidomastoid
What are 3 synergist muscles for Lumbar FLEXION?
- Rectus abdominis
- External oblique abdominal
- Internal oblique abdominal
What is the only muscle for Lumbar EXTENSION?
-Erector spinae
What are 3 synergists for LUMBAR LATERAL FLEXION ?
- Erector spinae
- External oblique abdominal
- Internal oblique abdominal
What are 3 synergists for LUMBAR ROTATION?
- Rectus abdominis
- External oblique abdominal
- Internal oblique abdominal
STARTED @ SLIDE 27
*Which artery passes through the Transverse Foramen?
Vertebral artery
How many pairs of spinal nerves?
31
?What is a big function of Ligaments?
Proprioception
How many muscles in spine/neck?
7-C 12-T 5-L 5-S 4-coccyx
What are the first 2 vertebraes in the cervical vertebrae?
-What action?
- Axis
- Axilla
- extensive rotary movements
- Head side to side
- Forward/backward
What are the curves for each part of the vertebrae?
Cervica/Lumbar?
Thoracic spine?
Cervica/Lumbar= curve posteriorly (Lordotic)
*protruding out
Thoracic= curves anteriorly (kyphotic)
What are the 4 parts of the vertebrae?
- Body
- Central vertebral foramen (for spinal cord)
- Transverse process (projecting out laterally)
- Spinous Process (projecting posteriorly)
There are 12 pairs of ribs- how many true how many false?
7-true ribs
5-false ribs
What are the 3 main parts of the Sternum?
- Manubrium
- Body of sternum
- Xiphoid process
What two joints are there for the atlanta?
- Atlantoocipital joint (first joint)
- Atlantoaxial joint (cervical rotation=pivot-type of joint)
Name 4 ligaments which support the spine:
- Anterior Longitudinal ligament
- Interspinal Ligament
- Supraspinal ligament
- Ligament Ligamentum flavum
What is annulus fibrosus ?
outer rim of dense fibrocartilage
What is nucleus pulposus ?
central gelatinous, pulpy substance
What is herniated nucleus pulposus ?
Herniated disk= “slipped” disk
