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Gross Anatomy & Kinesiology Lecture > Chapter 1. (The moving body) > Flashcards

Chapter 1. (The moving body) Flashcards

1
Q

Define Kinesiology

A

the study of motion or human movement

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2
Q

Define Anatomic Kinesiology

A

study of human musculoskeletal system & musculotendinous system

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3
Q

Define Biomechanics

A

the application of mechanical physics to human motion

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4
Q

Define Structural kinesiology

A

study of muscles as they are involved in science of movement

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5
Q

How many muscles are found in the human body

A

600

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6
Q

Is the RESTING positing the same as the Anatomical position?

What is the Anatomical position

A

no

  • upright posture
  • face straight ahead
  • feet parallel and close
  • palms facing forward
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7
Q

Contralateral means____ as ipsilateral means _____

A

on the opposite side,

on same side

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8
Q

‘Caudal’ is another word for

A

“Inferior”

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9
Q

‘Cephalic’ is another word for

A

“Superior”

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10
Q

What is Volar

A

relating to palm of the hand or sole of the foot

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11
Q

Sagittal Plane? exercise?

A

divides body into left and right
(flexion/extensin)
-ex.sit up

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12
Q

Frontal Plane? exercise?

A

divides body into front and back

ex. jumping jacks (add +abduction)

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13
Q

Transverse? exercise?

A

divides body into top and bottom

ex. hip rotation

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14
Q

How many Axial (around axel) skeleton bones

A

80 bones

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15
Q

How many Appendicular (relatin to limbs) skeleton bones

A

126

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16
Q

What are the 5 Skeleton Functions

A
  1. Protection:organs
  2. Support: posture
  3. Movement: acting as levers
  4. Mineral storage: calcium &phosphorus
  5. Hemopoiesis (formation of blood): usually in end of bones; spongy bone
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17
Q

ex. for Long bone

A

humerus

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18
Q

ex. for short bones

A

carpals

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19
Q

ex. for flat bones

A

ilium, skull

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20
Q

ex. for irregular bones

A

pelvis, vertebrae

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21
Q

ex. for sesamoid bones

A

patella, 1st metatarsophalangeal (mtp)

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22
Q

what is special/diff. about sesamoid bones

A

they are formed/floating within a tendon; doesn’t function as protection= it increases force
(makes the quad muscles tighten when walking, like a leaver)

23
Q

what is a Diaphysis

A

long cylindrical shaft

24
Q

what is the Cortex in the bone

A

hard, dense compact bone forming walls of diaphysis

25
Q

what is the Periosteum

A

dense, fibrous membrane covering outer surface of diaphysis

26
Q

what is the Endosteum

A

fibrous membrane that lines the inside of the cortex (inside of medullary canal)

27
Q

what is the Medullary (marrow) cavity

A

between walls of diaphysis, containing yellow or fatty marrow

28
Q

what is the Epiphysis

A

ends of long bones formed from cancelleous (spongy or trabecular) bone

29
Q

what is the Epiphyseal plate - (growth plate)

A

thin cartilage plate (before 20, then only becomes bone) separates diaphysis & epiphyses-usually on end of bones

30
Q

Articular (hyaline) cartilage

A

covering the epiphysis to provide cushioning effect & reduce friction

31
Q

when does longitudinal growth occur

A

as long as epiphyseal plates are open

32
Q

Corticol bones is ___ but Cancellous bone ___

A
  • stiff

- spongy

33
Q

What are 3 process that form JOINTS

A
  1. Condyle (ex.med/lat of femur
  2. Facet (between vertebrae;have synovial fluid)
  3. Head
34
Q

Give examples of each:

  1. Crest
  2. Epicondyle (sticks out)
  3. Line
  4. Process (sticks out)
A
  1. iliac crest
  2. medial/lateral on humerus
  3. back of femur: linea aspira
  4. spinous proces
35
Q

Gives examples of each:

  1. Spine
  2. Suture
  3. Trochanter
  4. Tubercle
  5. Tuberosity
A
  1. spinous process
  2. cranial suture
  3. between greater/lesser trochanter of femur or skull
  4. greater/lesser tubercle on humerus
  5. tibial tuberosity
36
Q

What is an example of Foramen and Fossa

A
  • foramen magnum

- glenoid fossa

37
Q

Give me an example where you could find a sulcus?

A
  • bycipital groove (proximal end of humerus)
38
Q

What is a goiniometer used for

A

it is used to measure amount of MOVEMENT in a joint or measure joint ANGLES

39
Q

What are the 3 classification of joints; SAD

A
  • Synarthrodial
  • Amphiarthrodial
  • Diarthrodial
40
Q

For the acronym SAD what is the most and least movable joint?

A

Synarthrodial: least movable (immovable)
Amphiarthrodial: slightly movable joints
Diarthrodial: freely movable, synovial joint (moves in 3 planes)

41
Q

What is an example of each:
Synarthrodial
Amphiarthrodial
Diarthrodial

A

S-skull,teeth
A-sternum (costochondral joints)
D- shoulder,hip

42
Q

What are 5 things in a synovial joint?

A
  • articular cartilage
  • joint capsule
  • ligament
  • synovial fluid
43
Q

What is the function of a meniscus

A

stability

44
Q

When is the synovial fluid absorbed?

When is it secreted?

A
  • slowly absorbs synovial fluid during joint distraction

- secretes synovial fluid during & compression

45
Q

What are the 6 types of Diarthrodial joints?

A
  1. Glide
  2. Hinge
  3. Pivot
  4. Knuckle
  5. “Ball and socket”
  6. Saddle
46
Q

What are 3 examples of a GLIDING (arthrodial) joint?

A
  • vertebral facets in spinal column
  • intercarpal
  • intertarsal
47
Q

What are 3 examples of the HINGE (ginglymus) joint

A
  • elbow
  • knee
  • talocrural
48
Q

What is 1 example of the PIVOT (trochoid) joint

A

-proximal and distal radioulnar joint

49
Q

What are 2 examples of the KNUCKLE joint

A
  • knuckles (metacarphalangeal)

- wrist articulation between carpals and radius

50
Q

What is an example of the “ball and socket” (enarthrodial) joint

A
  • hip

- shoulder

51
Q

Only example for Saddle (sellar) joint

A

-1st CMC joint at thumb

52
Q

What is Arthrokinematics

A

little motions in joint

53
Q

**What are 3 specific types of ACCESSORY MOTION? and what is an example of these 3?

A
  • ROLL
  • SPIN
  • GLIDE
  • — knee

Gross Anatomy & Kinesiology Lecture (11 decks)

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