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PTA II (Lecture) > Chpt. 10 Environment - stopped at slide 56 > Flashcards

Chpt. 10 Environment - stopped at slide 56 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the top 5 leading causes of deaths in the World?

A
  1. Ischaemic heart disease (Heart attack
  2. stroke
    ?3. Respiratory related
  3. COPD (Cardiac obstructive pulmonary disease)
    -5.Diarrheal disease
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2
Q

What leading cause of death is most prevalent in Canada?

A

-Malignant Neoplasms (Cancer)

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3
Q

What leading cause of death is most prevalent in Africa

A

Malaria

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4
Q

What are the top 3 causes of death in India?

A
  • Cardiovascular diseases
  • Respiratory diseases
  • Diarrheal diseases
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5
Q

What leading cause of death is most prevalent in China?

A

-Malignant Tumor

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6
Q

1/3 of all disease is caused by what 2 environmental factors?

A
  • Unsafe water and air pollution
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7
Q

What percentage of deaths are from diarrheal diseases in childhood?

A

-94%

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8
Q

What are some PREVENTABLE death factors?

A
  • Poisoning
  • polluted air
  • polluted water
  • diet
  • stress
  • exercise
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9
Q

What are 2 disease related to air pollution?

A
  • Lung cancer

- cardiopulmonary disease

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10
Q

What are the reasons of improved water supply in 2010?

A
  • Water
  • sanitation
  • hygiene
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11
Q

What are the 3 reasons of Chemical poisoning?

A
  • Indoor smoke from solid fuel use
  • Air pollution (outside)
  • Second-hand smoke
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12
Q

Is Malaria preventable and curable?

A

yes

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13
Q

Where, in Africa, is the highest % of malaria that accounts 40% of all malaria deaths worldwise?

A

-Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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14
Q

Every 60 seconds a child in Africa dies from Malaria, what can you buy to save a life?

A

Mosquito net

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15
Q

What are the 11 most common environmental toxins in Canada?

A
  1. Asbestos
  2. Carbon monoxide
  3. Radon
  4. Lead/Mercury
  5. Chemicals
  6. Mold
  7. Electrosmog
  8. Pesticides
  9. Air pollution
  10. Water quality
  11. Smoking and second hand smoke
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16
Q

What is the function of Abetos? How many silicate crystals (Asbetos) our found naturally in the earth?

A
  • insulation, heat, protection

- 6

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17
Q

How is Radon gas produced? What is the second heaviest metal?

A
  • naturally by radioactive decay of uranium in the ground

- uranium

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18
Q

What is the second leading cause of lung cancer in Canada?

A

-Radon Gas

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19
Q

What is Carbon Monoxide (CO)

A

-gas that forms whenever you burn fuel (ex. Propane etc.)

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20
Q

What are some symptoms of CO poisoning: Low levels? High levels?

A

Low: headaches, tiredness, shortness of breath

High: Chest pain, convulsions, coma, death

21
Q

What is BPA? What is its danger?

A

-synthesis plastic
(recycling code 7)
- mimics or disrupts hormones; estrogen for ex.

22
Q

When purchasing a water bottle, what Code is better (BPA free)?

A

Recycle code 5

23
Q 
What are Herbicides?
(Herbicides are class 2; which is evidence that it is cancer causing.. what other 3 reasons are cancer causing?)
A

-Pesticides for weed control

  • radiation
  • smoking
  • coffee
24
Q

What are Phthalates? “Plasticizers”

Where are Phthalates found?

A
  • a group of chemicals that can make products (usually plastics) softer and more flexible
  • it increases CANCER!

-IV bads, cosmetics

25
Q

What is Fracking?

A
  • technique, in water, is mixed with SAND and CHEMICALS, and the mixture is injected at high pressure into awell to create small fractures
  • extracts oil beneath sand
26
Q

What are 3 main concerns with Fracking?

A
  1. Each well requires approximately 5-8 million gallons of fresh water which is then polluted and cannot be cleaned
  2. Ground water may be exposed to carciongens and radioactive gas
  3. Methane gas produced
27
Q

What is an Electrosmog?

What could be the problem with an invisible wave?

A

Electromagnetic hypersensitivity disorder

-Frequency matter

28
Q

Electromagnetic radiation can be described by both its _____ and ____. Most all of the electromagnetic radiation on the spectrum is invisible except the narrow band of visible light.
Waves rate are the speed of ____

A
  • frequency
  • wavelength

-light

29
Q

Two types of waves: _____ (travel at speed of light and do not require a medium to transfer energy) and _____ (sounds waves, waves in water – deform the medium and travel more slowly)

A
  1. electromagnetic

2. mechanical

30
Q

What are Photons?

A

contain energy (no mass)

31
Q

?Non-ionoization:

A

ultra violet B +C

32
Q

What is Ionization?

A

ripping off electroes off- and now have a free radical

33
Q

How is the Electromagnetic Waves created?

A

by the charged particle itself (electron or proton)

34
Q

What is generally agreed to be the dividing line (non-ionizing)?

A

-Ultraviolet radiation

35
Q

Ionizing radiation is a: ?

A

-Free radical

36
Q

Ex. of Non-ionizing radiation

A

sun

37
Q

What matters in Non-ionizing radiation?

A

Distance of Source

38
Q

A microwave has ______ watts and Cellphones have __ watt

A
  • 1,000 watt

- 1 watt

39
Q

2 bands most intensively studies for Non-ionizing radiation are:?

A
  1. ELF (ex. overhead powerlines)

2. Microwave radiation (ex. cell phones)

40
Q

What is the possible affects of housing wiring?

A
  1. Reduction of natural killer when exposed to >1 microtesla occupational exposure
  2. Ion flux – facilitated movement of ions such as calcium across membranes
  3. Reduction in melatonin
  4. Increased production of ROS (free radicals)
  5. Excitable cell depolarization (muscle and nerve)
41
Q

What risk is increased with Chronic expsure to magnetic Flields?

A

-childhood leukemia

42
Q

What is on of the highest household appliances – EMF in mG?

A

blow dryer

43
Q

Why is there an increase in brain cancer with cell phone use, especially with kids?

A

-increased brain glucose metabolism

44
Q

What is ICNIRP?

A

-International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection

45
Q

What is key in effects of Non-ionization?

A

-DISTANCE, and EXPOSURE TIME

46
Q

5) The inverse square law states, that the ________ __________ significantly

A

-intensity decreases

47
Q

What are some things you can take or do to stay healthy (against non-ionazation radiation)?

A
  • vitamin C, Vitamin E, Sleep in dark room, supplements with MELATONIN
48
Q

What is a way to treat conditions like MS, some form of cancer, osteoarthritis, wound healing, depression, and tendinitis?

A

Electromagnetic Fields (PEMF)

PTA II (Lecture) (13 decks)

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