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My Book Notes > Chp 9 > Flashcards

Chp 9 Flashcards

1
Q

All deaths that involve the killing of one human being by the act or omission of another

A

Homicide

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2
Q

Evidence will reveal that death resulted from deliberate intentional and premeditated killing

A

1st degree murder

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3
Q

If the death is caused by deliberate and intentional killing yet premeditation cannot be demonstrated by the investigative evidence

A

Second degree murder

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4
Q

A form of criminal homicide is generally defined as the unlawful killing of a human being without malice aforethought

A

Manslaughter

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5
Q

Least serious form of criminal homicide involves neither are planning nor intent

A

In voluntary manslaughter

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6
Q

Intentional killings that result from some form of provocation on the part of the victim

A

Voluntary manslaughter

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7
Q

Examples1) a father who spontaneously kills the person who sexually abused his child
2)A wife who in the heat of passion killed her husband and his lover upon discovering them in her bedroom

A

Voluntary manslaughter

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8
Q

Usually involves the claim of self-defense where it can be proven that deadly force was necessary to avoid death or great bodily injury to the person or a third-party

A

Justified homicide

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9
Q

Involves accidents where either 1) victims are responsible for their own death or 2)person is killed under legal and unavoidable circumstances

A

Excusable Homicide

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10
Q

Four or more victims killed at one time in one location

A

Mass murder

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11
Q

What are the two subcategories of mass murder

A

Classic mass murder and family mass murder

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12
Q

A single homicidal event involving two or more locations and no emotional cooling off period between the murders

A

Spree murder

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13
Q

Three or more separate homicidal events committed in three or more separate locations by the same killer who experiences and emotional cooling off period between each event

A

Serial murder

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14
Q

When the victims eyes remain open after death a thin film appears over the external area of the eyes producing a cloudy or glazed appearance.

A

Corneal clouding

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15
Q

With in how many minutes or hours does the eye clouding begin

A

Can appear as little as an hour after death, but is usually fully present within 3 hours

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16
Q

The discoloration of the skin that begins immediately after death

A

Livor mortis / lividity

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17
Q

Stiffening of the body for a brief time. Following death

A

Rigor mortis

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18
Q

Rigor mortis- warm and not stiff

A

Time of death 3-6 hrs

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19
Q

Rigor mortis body is warm and stiff

A

Time of death is 6-12 hrs

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20
Q

Rigor mortis- body is cool and stiff

A

Time of death is 12-36 hrs

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21
Q

Rigor mortis body cool and not stiff

A

Time of death is usually greater than 36 hours

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22
Q

The cooling or warming of the body following death

A

Angie mortis

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23
Q

External decomposition of the bodies soft tissue

A

Putrefaction also know as decomp

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24
Q

Within how many hours after does the body begins to show outward signs of bloating

A

36 to 48 hours

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25
Q

How many hours will be entire body shows signs of decomposition

A

72

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26
Q

After how many days will the body appeared to look fully bloated

A

4 to 10 days

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27
Q

After how many days will black putrefaction take place?

A

After 10 days

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28
Q

And how many days does the body undergo dried decay until it is devoid of all tissue leaving only skeletal remains

A

In 50 days to approximately one year after death

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29
Q

Skeletal remains can be used to examine and determine the following

A 
Age
 gender 
ethnicity 
identity
Appearance
Cause of death
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30
Q

The stretching of the skin around the bullet point of entry

A

Abrasion ring

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31
Q

Small pepper like spots randomly disbursed in a circular pattern on skin around the wound caused by small particles of foreign matter and or gun powder projected onto the skin by force is produced by the shooting

A

Stippling/tattooing

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32
Q

A small dark ring appearing on tissue directly around the bullet entry hole

A

Bullet wipe

33
Q

Exhibits raised sections of skin surrounding the bullet entry hole

A

Shored exit wound

34
Q

Is best determined from the victims body through examination of the entry wound

A

Shooting distance

35
Q

Shooting distance is commonly classified in four categories

A

Contact
Close
Intermediate
Distant

36
Q

produced by a gun muzzle placed directly on the body at the time the bullet is discharged

A

Contact wound

37
Q

Explosive gas is travel inside the womb producing a

A

Stellate entry wound

Or star-shaped

38
Q

An imprint of the guns muzzle

A

Muzzle contusion

39
Q

Wounds classified as close

A

6-8 inches

Show stippling/tattooing

40
Q

Intermediate distance wounds

A

8 inches to 3 ft from body

Show stippling/tattooing

41
Q

Distant wounds

A

Beyond 3 ft

do not show stippling/tattooing

42
Q

Shooting trajectory

A

Shots taken at straight or 90 degrees angle round abrasion rings
Oval for steeper or more angular trajectory
The bullets entry hole is often shouldered or angled in the direction of the bullets travel

43
Q

Stippling/tattooing can help to determine which shot killed the victim if multiple shots fired

A

Stippling/tattooing is reddish they were alive

If it is yellowish or gray they were dead

44
Q

Shotgun contact wounds
Seldom have exit wounds unless there are slugs in the shot gun
Stippling/tattooing will not be present

A

Close distance shotgun wounds 5ft or less

Stippling/tattooing is present as well as an abrasion ring

45
Q

Intermediate wounds shot gun
5-10 ft
Stippling/tattooing and abrasion ring may be present

A

Distant wounds
Beyond 10 ft
Do not show stippling/tattooing

46
Q

Refers to a constriction placed at the muzzle end of a shotgun to control the degree to which the pellet mass spreads or scatters when it is projected

A

Choke (shotgun choke)

47
Q

Produced when flesh is penetrated or sliced by an object with a sharpened edge

A

Incision wound

48
Q

The forceful penetration of the skin with an object sharpened only in its tip

A

Puncture wound

49
Q

Shallow cutting-type incisions on the fingers, the palms of the hands, and the underside of the forearms

A

Defense wounds

50
Q

Edges of skin surrounding the opening of the wound

A

Wound marginal

Helps distinguish standings produced by single edge knives from those of other type knives

51
Q

Are the directions,either vertically or horizontally, in which the muscles flow through out the body.

A

Lines of cleavage

52
Q

Bruises surrounding the wound that are caused by striking of the skin by the hilt of the knife or the area where the blade connects to the handle.

A

Hilt marks

53
Q

Variation of blunt force trauma wounds

A

Contusions
Avulsions
Artifacts

54
Q

Bruising of the skin in areas where force is applied

A

Contusions

55
Q

Ripping or tearing of the skin produced by the impact of the trauma

A

Avulsions

56
Q

Portions of skin torn from the body by the force of the trauma

A

Artifacts

57
Q

Caused by the leakage of blood beneath the skins surface in reaction to some type of striking action or trauma

A

Bruising

58
Q

Bruising

A 
Red    Less than 24 hrs
Blue-purple to black   1-2 days
Green to yellow    5-10 days
Yellow/brown to brown    10-14 days
Normal skin color after 12 weeks
59
Q

Condition where the body is deprived of the amount of oxygen necessary to sustain life, leading to unconsciousness or death

A

Asphyxia

60
Q

3 categories of asphyxia:

A

Suffocation
Chemical asphyxiation
Strangulation

61
Q

The physical restriction of flow of oxygenated blood to the brain, vital organs, and extremities

A

Strangulation

Ex:Hangings

62
Q

Air passages necessary for respiration are obstructed preventing the blood from being replenished with oxygen

A

Suffocation

63
Q

Gases and other deleterious foreign agents entering the bloodstream prevent oxygen from being absorbed into the bloodstream

A

Chemical asphyxiation

Ex: automobile exhaust

64
Q

Reduced oxygen in the blood stream

A

Hypoxia

65
Q

Blood that contains little or no oxygen

A

Anoxia

66
Q

Plum blue color on the skin over most of the body

Lips eyelids finger nails especially

A

Cyanosis

67
Q

Asphyxiation by suffocation broken into 3 categories

A

Smothering
Choking
Drowning

68
Q

Infamous legend in crime scene investigation folklore

A

Burking (William Burke)

Combines mechanical asphyxiation and smothering

69
Q

Internal air way to the lungs(trachea) is blocked, which prevents oxygen from reaching the lungs

A

Choking

70
Q

Wrinkles on finger pads

Wrinkled fingers and pads

Wrinkled palms

Wrinkled feet

Skin separating from the hands

A

3 hrs or less

Referred to as washerwoman fingers 12 he period

2days

3 days
Submerged for 1 week degloving

71
Q

3 subclassifications of asphyxiation by strangulation

A

Manual
Ligature
Hanging/strangulation

72
Q

Compression of arteries and veins in the neck rather than restriction of air flow through the throat

A

Manual strangulation

73
Q

Manual strangulation:

To restrict blood flow in the neck region

To block the airway within the throat(trachea)

A

10 lbs or less

30lbs or more

74
Q

Purposefully restrict blood flow to the brain to heighten sexual sensations while masturbating

A

Autoerotic asphyxiation

75
Q

Poisoning substances most often encountered

A 
Drugs/narcotics/alcohol
Arsenic
Cyanide
Thallium
Aconitine
Atropine 
Ricin

Pg 298 symptoms

76
Q

Homicide typologies

A 
Contract homicide
Gang homicide
Kidnap homicide
Drug related homicide
Insurance/inheritance homicide 
Erotomania
Domestic
Authority
Extremist 
Serial
77
Q

Someone mentally fixated on someone

Stalking harassing

A

Erotomania homicide

78
Q

4 types of serial homicides

A

Visionary-psychological issues
Mission- targets victims
Hedonistic -fulfill fantasies and selfish desires
Power control-fulfilled sexual desires through torturing and controlling

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