Chp 8

Question 1

The application of any science of law.

Answer 1

Forensic science

Question 2

For any science to be recognized by a court as a legitimate forensic science it must be generally accepted by a relevant scientific discipline.

Answer 2

Known as general acceptance standard

Question 3

What are the two prominent tests or standards that all courts rely upon for scientific science

Answer 3

The Frye and Daubert test

Question 4

Under Dobbert guidelines for any given forensic science to be recognized as valid by the court it must be based on scientific evidence

Answer 4

1) is testable
2) is able to establish error stats
3) has been peer reviewed and published in scientific journals
4) is generally accepted by experts who have training needed to evaluate the particular science in question.

Question 5

What is the Daubert test also referred to as

Answer 5

Scientific evidence standard

Question 6

12 sub disciplines of forensic science are recognized by the national Institute of Justice

Answer 6

1) general toxicology
2) firearms/tool marks
3) questioned documents
4) trace evidence
5) controlled substance
6)fire debris/arson
7) impression evidence
8)biological/serological screening
9)blood pattern analysis
10. Crime scene investigation
11) medico-legal death investigations
12) digital evidence
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Question 7

What are the primary goals of all crime labs

Answer 7

1) to identify physical evidence

2) to determine its origin

Question 8

What are the procedures to carry out the crime lab goals

Answer 8

1) searching for and locating the evidence to be analyzed
2) performing a presumptive test(i.e. Controlled substance test)
3) performing a confirmatory test(i.e. DNA test)
4) reporting the results

Question 9

The following tests/analytical methods can be used for presumptive and confirmative Tess

Answer 9

1) microscopic analysis- both presumptive and confirmatory
2) color tests-presumptive in nature
3) chromatography -separation of gases / blood from drugs-confirmatory results
4) mass spectrometry -confirmatory test
5) biological test-confirmatory tests

Question 10

A graphic display representing the molecular structures in the substance being tested

Answer 10

Mass spectrum

Question 11

Infrared spectrometry(is)

Answer 11

For inorganic chemicals and substance most often used as a breath test method for determining blood alcohol levels

Question 12

Visible spectrometry(vs)

Answer 12

For identifying and examining coloring agents

Question 13

Atomic absorption spectrometry(as)

Answer 13

Can be used to identify metals hazardous waste another solid compounds

Question 14

Medical investigation of death by criminal means

Answer 14

Forensic pathology

Question 15

The physiological and medical reasons for why death occurred are referred to as

Answer 15

Cause of death

Question 16

Manner of death refers to the circumstances under which the death occurred and is classified as one of the following

Answer 16

Natural 
Accidental
Suicidal
Homicidal
Undetermined

Question 17

Ages best determined by examining what

Answer 17

Teeth

Question 18

The fully developed Dentition of an adult male consists of how many teeth

Answer 18

32

Question 19

The fully developed Dentition of a child consist of how many teeth

Answer 19

20

Question 20

All childhood deciduous teeth are replaced by adult permanent teeth by the age of 12 yoga except for

Answer 20

With exception of third molars or wisdom teeth

Question 21

What bone is used to determine adults age under 40

Answer 21

Pelvic bone

Question 22

What bones are used for determining for people over 40

Answer 22

Rib bones

Question 23

What is the most important skill to part for gender identification

Answer 23

Pelvis

Question 24

What facial bones are used to determine Ethnicity

Answer 24

The eyes cheeks nose and jaw are used by experts to classify remains can you do

Question 25

The following characteristics can help individualize human skeletal remains

Answer 25

1) dentistry
2) disease
3) surgery
4) trauma
5) use patterns

Question 26

What is the study of insects as applied to criminal matters

Answer 26

Forensic entomology

Question 27

And normal weather conditions and how many hours after eggs have been deposited do they hatch

Answer 27

24 to 48

Question 28

Examples of how persons working in the field of forensic psychology and psychiatry can assist criminal investigators

Answer 28

Criminal profiling
Competency assessment
Eyewitness identification & recall
Interviewing techniques

Question 29

New forensic testing methods

Answer 29

Fingerprint testing for lifestyle
Fired cartridge casings
Virtual autopsies
Micro stamping 
Blood age identification
Blinking evidence 
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Question 30

What areas are in need of improvements by innocent project

Answer 30

Training
Oversight
Uniformity 
Independence
Test results
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