Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 156 > Chp 5 Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chp 5 Integumentary System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what does the integumentary system consist of?

A

skin and accessory structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

skin is made of _____ tissue types

A

all 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dermatology

A

specialty diagnosis and treatment of integumentary disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What two parts does the skin consist of?

A

Epidermis and Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Epidermis is…
composed of?
it is _____

A

superficial, thin portion
epithelial tissue
avascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dermis is…

A

deeper, thicker portion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is dermis composed of?

A

connective tissue, muscle tissue, nervous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

whats embedded in the dermis?

A

accessory structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does accessory structures consist of?

A

hair, hair follicles, exocrine glands, nails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

beneath two skin layers, and ____ apart of skin find ______ layer

A

not, subcutaneous layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

subcutaneous layer is also called ____ and _____

A

hypodermis, superficial fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are 6 functions of skin and subcutaneous layer?

A
  1. protection
  2. excretion
  3. thermoregulation
  4. synthesis vitamin D
  5. storage
  6. cutaneous sensation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Calcitriol is…

A

hormone helps in calcium and phosphorous absorption from food in digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cutaneous Sensation is: ____, _____, _____, _____ receptors in skin relay info to _____ system

A

touch, pain, pressure, temperature, nervous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Epidermis consists of what kind of epithelial cells?

A

stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Epidermis transition of ____ cells at _____ layer to ____ cells near _____ surface

A

cuboidal, basal, flat, apical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do epidermal cells rely on _____ to transport nutrients and oxygen from _____ in _____

A

diffusion, capillaries, dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cells found near ____ surface of epidermis are most _______ active

A

basal, metabolically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

superficial cells of epidermis near ____ surface either ____ or ____

A

apical, inert, dead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What four principle cell types does epidermis contain?

A

Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Langerhans Cells, Merkel Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Keratinocytes most _____ epithelial cells in body

A

abundant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Keratinocytes make lots of _____

A

keratin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Keratin is…

What does it protect from?

A

tough fibrous protein

heat, microbes, chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Melanocytes make a pigment called _____

A

melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Melanin…

A

contributes to skin colour, absorb damaging ultra violet light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Langerhans cells are…

A

skin macrophages that contribute to immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Merkel cells are….

where are they located?

A

sensory cells

deepest layer of epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Merkel cells attached to end ________, give us some of our sense of _____

A

sensory neurons, touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are two types of skin?

A

thin and thick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Thin skin is _____ layers of _____, covers most ______

A

4, keratinocytes, body surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Thick skin is ____ layers of ____, covers ____ and _____

A

5, keratinocytes, palms of hands, soles of feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are 5 layers of epidermis?

A
  1. stratum basale (stratum germinative)
  2. Stratum Spinosum
  3. Stratum Granulosum
  4. Stratum Lucidum
  5. Stratum Corneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Stratum basale is found?

A

deepest layer of epidermal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Stratum basale contains? (3)

A

basal cells, melanocytes, Merkel cells,

35
Q

Basal cells are?

A

stem cells with high mitotic rates

36
Q

basal cells have ability to _____ into _____

A

differentiate, keratinocytes

37
Q

Stratum Spinosum consists of? (2)

A

8-10 layers of living keratinocytes, langerhan cells

38
Q

In stratum spinosum _____ are constantly pushed _____ as more keratinocytes produced in _______

A

keratinocytes, superficially, stratum basale

39
Q

In Stratum Spinosum keratinocytes ____ more and more as _____ moves up

A

accumulate, keratin

40
Q

Stratum Granulosum is?

A

3-5 cell layer thick

41
Q

in stratum granulosum ____ eventually undergo ____

A

keratinocytes, apoptosis

42
Q

Stratum Lucidum is found?

A

thick skin, glassy

43
Q

Stratum Corneum consists of?

A

15-30 layers of flattened dead keratinocytes filled with keratin

44
Q

in stratum corneum cells are surrounded by ___, which provide effective _______ _____

A

lipids, water-repellent barrier

45
Q

in stratum corneum cells constantly ____ and replaced by _____ from ____ layers

A

shed, new cells, lower

46
Q

Keratinization

A

formation fo superficial layers of cells filled with keratin

47
Q

Callus is constant exposure to _____ and is thickening of stratum ______

A

friction, corneum

48
Q

Psoriasis is?

Ichthyosis is?

A

skin generation takes 7-10 days instead of 2-4 weeks, generation is faster
cell generation produce normal rate, skin flaking slower

49
Q

Psoriasis makes skin ____ and _____

A

flakey, scaly

50
Q

colour of skin is result of _______ and ______ circulation

A

epidermal pigmentation, dermal blood

51
Q

what three pigments are involved in skin colour?

A

Carotene
Melanin
Hemoglobin

52
Q

Pigment is?

A

type of chemical has distinct colour

53
Q

Carotene is?

A

yellow/orange normally accumulates in epidermal cells

54
Q

Melanin is?

A

brown/black produced by melanocytes of stratus germinativum

55
Q

Hemoglobin is?

A

red pigment in blood carries oxygen

56
Q

hemoglobin appears ___ when carrying oxygen, and ____ when not carrying oxygen

A

red, blueish

57
Q

the number of melanocytes is ____ in all people, but melanocytes produce _____ amounts of _____ in people

A

same, different, melanin

58
Q

small amount of melanin =

A

pale yellow skin

59
Q

large amount of melanin =

A

increase in skin darkness

60
Q

exposure to ____ stimulates ____ production

A

UV radiation, melanin

61
Q

Albinism is?

A

deficiency or inability to produce pigment melanin

62
Q

people with albinism show ____ number of ____, but ____ is not produced

A

same, melanocytes, melanin

63
Q

Cyanosis diagnosis colour?
What you see?
Example?

A

blue skin and nail beds
blood not properly oxygenated
shock, inadequate blood flow

64
Q

Jaundice diagnosis colour?
what you see?
example?

A

yellow skin and eyes
bilirubin
liver disfunction

65
Q

Bilirubin is?

A

yellow pigment, not being broken down properly by liver

66
Q

Erythema diagnosis colour?
what you see?
example?

A

red
capillaries in skin fill with blood
burn, inflammation, allergy

67
Q

Melasma example is _______ resulting from ______

A

hyper pigmentation, melanin production

68
Q

Vitiligo is loss of _____ causing _____ patches

A

melanocytes, white

69
Q

skin cancers example (2)

A

basal cell carcinoma, melanoma

70
Q

UV radiation is damage to ____ and _____

A

DNA, fibroblasts

71
Q

Rickets caused by ____ deficiency, resulting in ____ of bones from weight of _____

A

Vitamin D3, bending, body

72
Q

Vitamin D3 sources:

  1. _____ causes _____ cells to convert ______ to ______
  2. cells in _____ convert steroid to _____ or Vitamin D3
  3. ____ converts cholecalciferol using intermediary product used by _____ to synthesize hormone ____ which is essential for ____ and _____ absorption in _____ intestine
A
  1. sunlight, epidermal, steroid, vitamin D3
  2. stratum spinosum/basale, cholecalciferol
  3. liver, kidney, calcitiriol, calcium, phosphorus, small
73
Q

Pressure Ulcers caused by?

A

constant deficiency of blood flow to tissues

74
Q

What are 2 major components of Dermis?

A

Papillary layer and reticular layer

75
Q

Papillary Layer is?

contains ____ and _____

A

superficial layer

areola tissue, capillaries

76
Q

Reticular Layer is?

Contains?

A

deeper layer

large amounts collagen and elastic fibres made by fibroblasts

77
Q

Fibroblast

A

produces collagen and fibres

78
Q

Wrinkles

A

collagen fibres decrease, elastic fibres lose elasticity

79
Q

Stretch marks occur when skin is _____ over ____ period causing _____ to break down

A

stretched, long, elasticity

80
Q

Subcutaneous Layer (SubQ) is ____ part of skin

A

not

81
Q

Subcutaneous layer _____ position of skin

A

stabilizes

82
Q

What do parts of SubQ layer contain?

A

large arteries and veins, large amounts adipose tissue

83
Q

with age distribution of subcutaneous fat changes in response to ____ hormones

A

sex

Bio 156 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions