chp 4,5,6 study guide Flashcards
Exam 2
Where does conflict arise from?
Conflict arises from conflicting views of biology, interests, human rights, and personhood definitions
Roe v Wade 1973
Supreme Court decided states can make laws to ban abortions in the third trimester, and only ban abortion in the first or second trimester for particular reasons
Which case overturned Roe decision?
- Dobbs v. Jackson: Overturned Roe decision in 2022
Duality Care Concept:
Healthcare professionals must now care for the pregnant woman as two distinctly separate entities, each with distinct claim rights
How has maternal death been trending in the US?
Maternal death in the United States has significantly increased over the last 10 years
Which state has the highest mortality rate of any industrialized nation?
- The U.S. has the highest maternal mortality of any industrialized nation
Approximately, how many women around the world obtain unsafe, illegal abortions each year? Complications lead to what?
- Approximately 21 million women around the world obtain unsafe, illegal abortions each year.
complications from these account for approximately 13% of all maternal deaths, nearly 50,000 annually
Regarding reproductive care, nurses must:
-maintain respect for human dignity and autonomy
- recognize and protect patient rights
- acknowledge the struggle between their own personal values and professional
values - observe the moral and professional boundaries regarding patient self-
determination - avoid any behavior that may be manipulative or coercive
Parents refusal of treatment for child-patient can be overridden when:
-parents are incapacitated/incompetent
- the treatment meets the “Best Interest” standard
- direct harm could result
Best Interest Standard:
surrogates decisions take into consideration the quality of life of the
child and determine the highest net benefi
Duty to Disclose:
Mandatory reporting of abuse/neglect operates under this concept
Why would parental confidentiality be waived?
Parental confidentiality is automatically waived if neglect/abuse is suspected
Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Reauthorization Act of 2010
Defines abuse/neglect as an act or failure to act by parents or caretakers which puts the minor in imminent risk of or causes SERIOUS harm, death, sexual abuse or exploitation
Therapeutic Privilege
Withholding information from children undermines veracity, autonomy, & beneficence
Internalization
children learn from what they witness, through directed practice, and from
words they hear
The Child Abuse Amendments of 1984 (Baby Doe Rules)
(Baby Doe Rules): forbids discrimination based entirely on a person’s handicaps and withholds funds from institutions that do so
What is the main ethical dilemma with adolescents?
Main ethical dilemma with adolescents is CONSENT (autonomy) while protecting trust & privacy
Nurse-adolescent relationship built on
compassion
Trust
: free to explore vulnerabilities without fear of exploitation
Privacy
freedom from intrusion into one’s personal information
Confidentiality cannot be guarenteed, can be breached for what reasons?
- confidentiality cannot be guaranteed, can be breached if potential threat or harm to patient/others
What is the exception to autonomy?
- Exception to autonomy of medical records is abortion.
How many states have mandated parental involvement in abortion?
37 states
How many states permit a minor to obtain an abortion without parental consent? In what kind of cases?
16 states permit a minor to obtain an abortion without parental consent in cases of incest
Moral self-government
a clear, self-articulated vision of what one wants from healthcare,used to determine if adolescents have autonomous decision-making capacity
Successful patient education based on prevention includes:
beneficence and nonmaleficence the focus here
Minors CAN give consent if:
- they are emancipated minors
- they are pregnant and/or married
- they are enlisted in the armed forces
- Sexual Education now more _________ based instead of ________based
- Sexual Education now more prevention/theory-based instead of fear/abstinence based
Autonomy
: acting in a self-determined manner
Nonmaleficence
: avoiding bad things
Beneficence
: doing good things, actions guided by compassion
Justice
treating people equally, fairness, equity
Veracity
: honesty, truthiness
